Proceeding of TEAMS: The International Conference on Tourism, Economic, Accounting, Management and Social Science
The Proceeding of TEAMS: The International Conference on Tourism, Economic, Accounting, Management, and Social Science is a scholarly compilation of research and discussions presented at the conference. The event serves as a platform for academics, practitioners, and policymakers to explore a wide range of topics related to tourism, economics, accounting, management, and social science. This conference aims to foster knowledge exchange and collaboration in addressing current challenges and developments in these fields. Organized annually by the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, the TEAMS conference has been held since 2016. Each year, it brings together experts and researchers from various backgrounds to share insights, present research findings, and discuss practical applications in the aforementioned disciplines. The conference continues the tradition of promoting academic excellence and contributing to the growth and innovation of the global academic community. e-ISSN: xxxx-xxxx
PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF PURSE SEINE FISHERIES IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF BULELENG
Indonesia's vast marine territory, encompassing 70% of its total area with 104,000 km of coastline and 5.8 million km² of waters, presents significant economic opportunities for coastal communities. Bali Province, with its 9,211.76 km² marine area and substantial fishing population of 68,925 people, contributes meaningfully to Indonesia's fisheries sector. This research specifically examines purse seine fishing operations in Seririt District, Buleleng Regency, where three active fishermen groups employ this method. The study addresses the critical challenge of balancing fishing productivity with marine ecosystem conservation, aligning with Blue Economy principles for sustainable marine resource management. Our research, conducted from February to November 2024, provides comprehensive analysis of purse seine fishing operations through three interconnected objectives: (1) calculating fishing productivity metrics, (2) identifying key production factors influencing catch yields, and (3) evaluating technical and economic efficiency of purse seine operations. Using robust analytical methods including productivity assessments, multivariate production factor analysis, and efficiency measurements across three fishermen groups, we establish evidence-based benchmarks for sustainable purse seine operations. The findings reveal optimal input combinations that maximize economic returns while minimizing environmental impacts. This research delivers actionable insights for policymakers and fishing communities, supporting the development of targeted regulations that promote sustainable fishing practices while maintaining the economic viability of coastal livelihoods in Buleleng's waters.
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceeding of TEAMS: The International Conference on Tourism, Economic, Accounting, Management and Social Science
THE IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ECOSYSTEM AND SUSTAINABLE DIGITAL INNOVATION ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE (CASE STUDY OF 150 MSMES IN SINGARAJA, INDONESIA)
Technology digital development and globalization dynamics in recent decades have brought significant changes to the business landscape, especially in the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector. In Indonesia, especially in developing areas such as Singaraja, Bali Province, the implementation of a digital innovation-based entrepreneurial ecosystem still faces various challenges. This study aims to analyze the impact of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and sustainable digital innovation on business performance in Singaraja, Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with purposive sampling with a survey method of 150 MSMEs. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of the study indicate that the entrepreneurial ecosystem has a positive and significant effect on sustainable digital innovation and business performance. These findings underline the importance of building a sustainable digital innovation-based business ecosystem to improve the competitiveness of MSMEs in the digital era. However, practical implications and future research directions need to be discussed in depth.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HALT TRADING IN REDUCING MARKET TURMOIL: A STUDY EVENT ON COMPANIES GOING PUBLIC ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
A trading halt is a temporary suspension of stock trading due to a sharp decline in market indices or the emergence of events that could potentially disrupt market stability. This study investigates the effectiveness of trading halts on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in calming market turmoil by analyzing market reactions through abnormal returns and trading volume activity (TVA) using the event study method. The sample comprises companies listed in the LQ45 Index between February and April 2025. The event window is five days before and after the halt announcement. Findings show significant differences in abnormal returns, with higher values before the trading halt, suggesting the policy failed to restore investor confidence. No significant differences were found in TVA. These results suggest that the trading halt policy in the Indonesian context has not been effective and indicate the need for improved communication and transparency to support investor sentiment.
MEASURING THE FISCAL PULSE: AN ANALYSIS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL HEALTH IN THE ERA OF ECONOMIC RECOVERY
Fiscal health refers to the financial condition of a regional government that reflects its ability to manage revenue, expenditure, debt, and deficits in a sustainable manner. Fiscal health plays a crucial role in ensuring the continuity of development and the well-being of the community. Capital expenditure refers to government spending on long-term investments. Effectively allocated capital expenditure can be a key driver of regional development. However, the capital expenditure allocation of Bali Province from 2022 to 2025 has shown fluctuating amounts and tends to be lower compared to other types of expenditures. Good fiscal health enables a region to optimally allocate capital expenditures, thereby impacting sustainable development and community welfare. One of the challenges faced by the government is understanding their fiscal health, especially with increasing public service demands, while their ability to generate own-source revenue remains limited. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to analyze the fiscal health of local governments in Bali Province. This study aims to analyze the fiscal health of local governments based on indicators focused on four main aspects of fiscal health: revenue, expenditure, operating position, and debt structure. The study uses a quantitative descriptive research method. The population in this study consists of the financial reports of the Regency/Municipal Governments throughout Bali Province. The research findings show that the level of fiscal health between regencies/cities in Bali Province in 2022-2023 shows significant disparities. Badung Regency occupies the highest position followed by Gianyar, Bangli, and Denpasar regencies. Badung Regency falls into the high category of fiscal health; Gianyar Regency and Bangli Regency are in the medium category; while Klungkung Regency has improved to the medium category. These findings can provide recommendations for efficient regional financial management strategies to maintain a balance between fiscal health and regional expenditure.
TRANSFORMING ECONOMIC EDUCATION: BUILDING SUSTAINABLE AND DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURS
The convergence of digital technology, sustainability imperatives, and the creative economy necessitates a fundamental transformation in economic education. This paper examines the urgent need to integrate digitalization and sustainability into entrepreneurship education to better prepare future entrepreneurs for a dynamic global economy. Despite the growing relevance of sustainability and digital competencies, few educational frameworks have adequately synthesized these dimensions within economic education. This study employs a narrative literature review method, systematically analyzing recent empirical studies and theoretical models published between 2015 and 2025. Drawing upon Sustainable Entrepreneurship Theory, Transformative Learning Theory, and the Digital Competence Framework, the study offers a solid conceptual basis for its integrated approach. The findings reveal that technology-enabled learning platforms enhance entrepreneurial skills by offering practical, interactive experiences, while sustainability-focused curricula foster critical thinking and future-oriented mindsets. Programs such as Indonesia's Digital Entrepreneurship Academy (DEA) and Singapore’s Ngee Ann Polytechnic Green Innovation elective exemplify successful models in bridging digital and sustainability gaps in entrepreneurship education. The novelty of this paper lies in its integrated framework that combines digital competence, transformative learning, and sustainable entrepreneurship theories to inform curriculum development strategies. The results underscore the necessity of embedding cloud platforms, AI tools, and interdisciplinary sustainability projects into economic education for cultivating resilient, socially responsible innovators. In conclusion, the study highlights that transforming economic education through digitalization and sustainability integration is critical to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and building a future-ready entrepreneurial generation. Educational institutions must reform curricula and invest in capacity-building initiatives to meet the evolving demands of global economic ecosystems.
EXPLORING THE FAIRNESS CHALLENGES AND FINANCIAL WELL-BEING IN THE SHARING ECONOMY FOR GEN Z GIG WORKERS
This study examines how Generation Z workers perceive fairness and well-being in the tourism gig economy, and how they respond to challenges such as income uncertainty, limited social protection, and power imbalances between workers and digital platforms. The sharing economy—built on individual participation in providing services like accommodation, transportation, and local experiences—has become a core component of the tourism sector. While it creates new opportunities, it also raises serious concerns about fairness and worker welfare, particularly for Gen Z. To assess these issues, the study employs a quantitative approach using secondary data and bibliometric analysis within the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. This method enables a comprehensive overview of research trends, themes, and relationships related to fairness and well-being among Gen Z workers in the sharing economy. Findings indicate that although the gig economy provides flexibility, Gen Z workers in tourism face significant vulnerabilities, including inequitable benefit distribution, lack of access to social protection, and limited financial literacy. These conditions deepen inequalities and undermine worker resilience. The study emphasizes that an inclusive and collaborative economic model is essential, supported by policies that safeguard rights and promote financial security. Ultimately, while the sharing economy offers innovation and opportunity in tourism, it also amplifies precarity for young gig workers. Addressing equity, fairness, and well-being is therefore critical to building an inclusive and sustainable digital economy. The research highlights the need for policy interventions, social innovation, and capacity-building initiatives to protect Gen Z workers from ongoing uncertainty.
STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL TOURISM IN SINGARAJA CITY
This study aims to formulate strategies for developing educational tourism in Singaraja City using the SOAR model, as the local government of Buleleng Regency has not yet established a specific tourism planning strategy in this area. While research on Bali’s tourism is abundant, studies focusing on Singaraja’s potential for educational tourism remain limited. Employing a mixed-methods approach with data gathered through surveys, interviews, and observations, the findings reveal that Singaraja possesses significant cultural and historical assets such as Eks Buleleng Port, Puri Kanginan Buleleng, Buleleng Museum, Gedong Kertya, Puri Buleleng, Taman Bung Karno, Tugu Tiga, Soenda Ketjil Building, Penimbangan Beach, and Banyuasri Market, all of which remain underutilized in contributing to regional revenue (PAD). The study suggests that educational tourism is the most suitable development concept for Singaraja and emphasizes the need to establish a dedicated management agency to design tour packages and promote them effectively. Recommended strategies include preparing a master plan for site renovation and facility development, issuing a Regent Decree on visitor levies, training human resources to deliver excellent service, and conducting both online and offline promotional campaigns targeting schools. By implementing these strategies, Singaraja can optimize its cultural heritage to strengthen tourism, enhance local economic growth, and position itself as a leading destination for educational tourism.
THE INFLUENCE OF CHATGPT USAGE ON STUDENT LEARNING PROCESSES
This study aimed to determine the influence of ChatGPT usage in the learning process among students, based on constructivist theory. This theory emphasized the importance of active learning that allowed individuals to build knowledge through experience and interaction with the learning environment The population of this study consisted of all second-semester students of the Economic Education Study Program at Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, totaling 92 students. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling, in which all members of the population were included as the research sample. Data analysis was carried out using classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results of the study showed that: (1) the frequency of ChatGPT usage had a positive and significant influence on students' learning independence, (2) the type of ChatGPT usage also had a positive and significant influence on students' learning independence, and (3) simultaneously, the frequency and type of ChatGPT usage contributed 81.6% to students' learning independence, while the remaining 18.4% was influenced by other factors not included in this research model. These findings indicated that frequent and varied use of ChatGPT could significantly support the development of student learning independence, in line with the principles of constructivism, which emphasized active and reflective learning. This study provided a valuable contribution to leveraging AI technology as a learning medium that supported the development of student independence and learning skills in the digital era.
BEHAVIOUR FINANCE STUDENT RECIPIENTS OF THE SMART INDONESIA CARD SCHOLARSHIP (KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR-KIP)
This study aims to find out how Locus of Control on students' personal financial management behavior and financial literacy on students' personal financial management behavior. This research was conducted on students of the Faculty of Economics Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha with a population of 398, after calculations were carried out, 199 students were used as research samples. The data collection method uses a questionnaire, while the data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that there was an influence between Locus of Control and financial literacy on students' personal financial management behavior. This shows that the increasing locus of control and knowledge of students' financial literacy will increase students' ability to manage their finances.
UNLOCKING CAREER POTENTIAL: THE MEDIATING ADVERSITY QUOTIENT IN PARENTAL SUPPORT TO CAREER ADAPTABILITY AMONG DUAL CAREER GIG ECONOMY STUDENTS
This study examines the effect of parental support on adversity quotient and career adaptability in dual career students who work in the gig economy sector. The main focus in this research is how parental support​ can strengthen the adversity quotient and career adaptability of students in facing academic challenge and uncertainty​ in the world of gig economy work. This research makes a new contribution by showing that parental support plays an important role in increasing the adversity quotient and career adaptability, which is still not widely explored​ in literature of dual career student in the gig economy. The results of research from a sample of 196 students who were processed quantitatively through SEM-PLS analysis showed that students who get parental support​ will have a higher adversity quotient and more easily adapt to changes that occur in the world of work gig economy. This study conclude that parental support help student reduce stress, increase self-confidence, and facilitate better career decision-making. The implications of this study are relevant to the majority of 21-23 years old, where students in phase are forming a career identity and often face uncertainty their career direction. Parental support provides support that strengthens curiosity and concern in students' career adaptability. Therefore, the research underlines the importance of parental support reinforced by university counselling guidance in providing in-depth and holistic academic and career self-development programs, especially for dual career students involved in the gig economy.
MAPPING STUDENT’S UNDERSTANDING OF BASIC ACCOUNTING CONCEPT THROUGH ASSESSMENTS DIAGNOSTICS
Assessment is an important component in the implementation of education, one of which is diagnostic assessment. Diagnostic assessment aims to understand students' initial abilities, so that teachers can design learning methods and media that suit students' abilities. However, the use of diagnostic assessments in mapping the understanding of basic accounting concepts is still very rare. For this reason, this study aims to analyze how diagnostic assessments are given to map students' understanding of concepts. The novelty of this research lies in the use of diagnostic assessments in learning, especially in basic financial accounting materials. The research method used is descriptive which is sourced from the analysis of the results of diagnostic assessment test scores given to 2nd semester students who took the Intermediate Financial Accounting course as many as 48 students. The test scores are then categorized into 3 categories, namely (1) very understanding if the score is >= 85, (2) understanding enough if the score is 70 to 84, and (3) not understanding if the score obtained is < = 69. The mapping of basic accounting concepts in this diagnostic assessment is divided into 7 concept maps, namely (1) Definition of Accounting, (2) Basic Equations of Accounting, (3) Account Concepts, (4) Make the journal entries and posting in ledger, (5) Make the trial balance and adjusting entries, (6) Prepare the financial statement, and (7) Completing accounting cycle by closing entries. The results of the study show that diagnostic assessment can map the understanding of basic accounting concepts in accounting students into 7 concept maps. The average of each concept is as follows: concept 1 is 77, concept 2 is 68, concept 3 is 86, concept 4 is 83, concept 5 is 63, concept 6 is 81, concept 7 is 86. On average, concept 2 is related to the basic accounting equation and concept 5 is the adjustment to obtain the lowest average result compared to other concepts. Furthermore, students' understanding of each concept is analyzed which can then be given a reward for concepts that are still lacking. Based on this, it can be concluded that with a diagnostic assessment of basic accounting concepts, both lecturers and students can find out the weaknesses in each concept. With this mapping, lecturers can design learning strategies that suit the needs of students.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A RIASEC-BASED INSTRUMENT FOR MANAGEMENT CONCENTRATION PREFERENCES AT UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
This study explores the development of a RIASEC-based interest inventory aimed at assisting undergraduate management students in selecting an academic concentration aligned with their personality profiles. The increasing need for personalized academic guidance in business education makes this topic both timely and relevant. Despite the availability of academic advising, many students still struggle to make informed decisions about their management concentration—often relying on intuition rather than a structured assessment of vocational interests. Unlike existing RIASEC instruments that are generally used for broad career counseling, this study introduces a tailored psychometric tool specifically designed to differentiate among intra-disciplinary concentrations in management education, a gap that remains underexplored, especially in the Indonesian higher education context. The research employed a quantitative approach using a survey instrument based on the RIASEC model. The development process followed DeVellis’s instrument construction framework and included item generation, expert validation, pilot testing, and psychometric evaluation through Cronbach’s Alpha, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The resulting instrument demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = 0.819) and a coherent five-factor structure aligning with RIASEC dimensions. Each factor corresponded to distinct vocational orientations relevant to management specializations, reinforcing its validity for educational use. This study provides a valid and theoretically grounded instrument to support student decision-making in management education. However, the tool's current scope is limited to a small sample within Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, and further refinement is needed for broader application. The findings offer practical implications for enhancing academic advising and student development strategies in business schools.
EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON TRENDS, THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTS, AND MAJOR FINDINGS
This study aims to map the development of earnings management research over time by reviewing relevant academic literature based on research trends, theoretical developments, and major findings. This study employs a qualitative literature review approach, using published from 1990s to 2025 were selected based on relevance and contribution to the theoretical and empirical development. This review found that earnings management is mainly based on agency theory, and later supported by positive accounting theory, signaling theory, and stakeholder theory. In practice, earnings management is done to meet targets, get bonuses, avoid loan problems, prepare for IPOs, or reduce political pressure. It can be done through changes in accounting (accrual-based) or real business actions (real earnings management). Earnings management can reduce trust in financial reports, cause wrong market decisions, and lead to legal or reputation problems. This study is expected to enrich the body of literature on the development of management accounting research and provide a theoretical foundation for future research.
BUILDING GREEN SMES THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING: ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL-COST MODELS AND ITS IMPACT ON LONG-TERM PROFITABILITY
This article aims to explore the role of environmental accounting, particularly the environmental-cost model, in shaping sustainable green SME business models. The main objective is to examine the extent to which the implementation of environmental accounting practices can improve long-term cost efficiency and profitability, while reducing the ecological footprint of small businesses. The main problem faced by MSMEs is the lack of integration of environmental costs in the financial accounting system, so that external costs such as waste management, energy use, and air pollution are not accurately calculated in the decision-making process. This causes inefficiency and the risk of long-term losses and low competitiveness in a market that is increasingly concerned with sustainability. This study offers a new approach by systematically integrating the environmental cost model into MSME accounting practices. Unlike conventional approaches, this model presents a cost structure based on the product life cycle and its ecological impact. This allows small entrepreneurs to understand the sources of inefficiency and design data-based mitigation strategies, which are still rarely applied in the Indonesian MSME sector. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method on five environmentally friendly manufacturing MSMEs in Surabaya. Data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of financial statements and operational documents. Data are analyzed using the Environmental Cost Accounting (ECA) approach to evaluate the impact of environmental cost integration on financial performance. The findings show that the implementation of environmental accounting based on the environmental cost model can reduce operational costs by up to 15%, improve compliance with environmental regulations, and strengthen business reputation in the eyes of consumers and investors. In addition, there is an increase in profit margins of up to 10% due to increased production efficiency and consumer loyalty, accompanied by increased access to green financing. The integration of environmental accounting into the financial system of MSMEs not only improves economic efficiency but also accelerates the transition to a competitive green business model. This study recommends the implementation of the environmental cost model as a new accounting standard for sustainability-oriented MSMEs and suggests policy support to expand its adoption.
“FEEL THE GREEN”: HOW GREEN MARKETING STRATEGY INFLUENCES THE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF RESTAURANTS IN BADUNG REGENCY
Green marketing has become a strategic issue to improve companies' business performance in the current era of rapidly increasing industrialisation and rising environmental concerns. A business cannot focus on economic or profit orientation alone; instead, it must consider the dimensions of environmental impact and social effects. Currently, sustainable business processes are experiencing challenges from consumers who are increasingly aware of sustainability, which has encouraged companies to adopt environmentally friendly business practices. In recent decades, green marketing has emerged as a strategy that promotes sustainable products and services and encourages corporate social responsibility. In Indonesia, especially in Badung Regency, the rapid development of the restaurant industry has created a climate of intense competition in the region. Restaurant business owners must start thinking about creating a culinary industry climate that positively impacts the environment and affects long-term business continuity. Based on this. Green marketing is one area that provides a stimulus to achieve sustainability goals and provides a fundamental change in the management paradigm in terms of both marketing and business functions. This study aims to analyse the impact of green marketing and consumer behaviour on business performance in Badung, Indonesia. The research uses quantitative methods, namely a research approach that prioritises numerical data (numbers) and statistical analysis to test hypotheses. The main result reveals that green marketing positively and substantially influences a restaurant's performance. Furthermore, results show that consumer behaviour has positively and significantly mediated the impact of green marketing on business performance. This mechanism provides deeper insight into how green marketing improves sustainable business performance. Keywords: Business Performance; Consumer Behaviour; Green Marketing; Restaurant; Badung JEL Classification: D13, I31, J22, K31
ONE DECADE OF RURAL POVERTY IN THE WORLD: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Poverty by territory is classified into urban and rural poverty, with rural areas in many countries experiencing higher poverty levels. Rural poverty arises from diverse factors, leading to varying findings across studies. This research analyzes the development of rural poverty studies over the last decade (2012–2022) and examines word co-occurrence patterns within that literature. Using a bibliometric method, data were collected through Publish or Perish based on selected keywords, followed by data screening, bibliometric mapping, visualization, and interpretation. The analysis shows that publication trends on rural poverty fluctuated, with the highest number of studies appearing in 2021 (7 articles or 13.73%). Citation trends peaked for articles published in 2015 (299 citations or 14.18%). Vosviewer’s co-occurrence mapping identified five thematic clusters related to rural poverty, encompassing concepts such as microfinance, food security, climate change, water, vulnerability, energy poverty, rural households, and income inequality. These findings offer insights for shaping rural poverty alleviation policies. However, the study’s broad, cross-country scope presents a limitation; future research could focus on a single country. Additionally, the use of general keywords (“rural poverty”) suggests an opportunity for more targeted analyses using specific terms, such as government programs for rural poverty reduction.
LEVEL OF FINANCIAL LITERACY, TAXPAYER PERCEPTION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DIGITAL TAX SYSTEM “CORETAX” IN REDUCING TAX AVOIDANCE PRACTICES
CoreTax, launched by Indonesia’s Directorate General of Taxes in 2022 as part of the third reform phase, digitises tax services to improve efficiency, transparency, and integration. Its success depends not only on robust technology but also on taxpayers’ financial literacy and perceptions of the platform. Differences in these factors shape understanding, trust, and, ultimately, tax-avoidance behaviour. Survey data from 100 Bali-based MSMEs analysed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling reveal that higher literacy and positive perceptions significantly boost CoreTax use, which in turn reduces tax avoidance, explaining 47 % of its variance. The results underline the need for fiscal-education initiatives and user-centred design enhancements so that CoreTax becomes a catalyst for sustained compliance among MSMEs.
VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES, CAN THEY IMPROVE STUDENTS' ETHICAL BEHAVIOR?
This study generally aims to reveal students' perceptions of tax volunteer activities related to their ethical behavior. This study is qualitative using a case study approach. The informants in this study were tax volunteers from 8 universities in Bali. Data collection was carried out using interview techniques related to ethical perceptions and assessment rubrics related to the assessment of tax volunteer ethics. The final assessment was carried out using an assessment of ethical indicators. The results of this study stated that tax volunteer activities were quite capable of improving students' ethical behavior. Based on the integrity assessment aspect, 2.3% had begun to develop, 83.3% developed and 14.4% were cultured in the ethics of income disclosure, while from the objective side, 100% of respondents had a culture of ethical behavior in terms of understanding tax regulations.
CHASING TRENDS, SPENDING FAST: THE ROLE OF HEDONIC LIFESTYLE AND FOMO IN IMPULSIVE BUYING AMONG GEN Z
This study explores the relationship between FOMO, hedonic lifestyle, and impulsive buying behavior among Generation Z. It investigates how social media exposure and digital consumer trends shape purchasing habits. The primary research question in this study is to what extent do FOMO and hedonic lifestyle influence impulsive buying among Generation Z? Despite previous studies on impulsive buying, research linking hedonic lifestyle and FOMO specifically within Generation Z remains scarce. This study fills the gap by providing empirical evidence on their interrelated effects. A quantitative method is employed using survey-based questionnaires distributed to a purposive sample of Generation Z consumers. Data is analyzed through multiple regression models to determine the significance of FOMO and hedonic lifestyle in predicting impulsive buying behavior. The results indicate that both FOMO and hedonic lifestyle significantly impact impulsive buying behavior. Individuals experiencing high FOMO are more likely to make unplanned purchases due to social influences, while those with a hedonic lifestyle tend to prioritize immediate gratification in their consumption habits. This study concludes that FOMO and hedonic lifestyle have a strong influence on impulsive buying tendencies in Generation Z. The findings contribute to understanding consumer behavior in digital environments and offer insights for marketers in designing strategies tailored to this demographic.
HAS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING IN INDONESIA BEEN SUCCESSFUL? A LITERATURE REVIEW
This paper examines the implementation of accrual accounting in government organizations in Indonesia. It discusses the challenges and success factors related to the adoption of accrual accounting as part of the government accounting reform initiatives. The topic is significant as it sheds light on the progress and barriers faced by Indonesia in fully adopting accrual accounting, an important component of public sector financial management. The problem addressed in this paper is the low level of adoption of accrual accounting in Indonesian government organizations and the challenges encountered during its implementation. The research question is: How successful has the implementation of accrual accounting been in Indonesian government organizations, and what are the barriers to its adoption? This paper provides a unique contribution by investigating both the adoption process and the empirical findings related to the success of accrual accounting in Indonesia, an area that has not been comprehensively studied. Previous research has often overlooked the specific challenges faced in Indonesia, and this study fills that gap by offering an in-depth review of the issues related to the practical application of accrual accounting in the public sector. A literature review was conducted, examining both theoretical frameworks and empirical studies on the implementation of accrual accounting in Indonesia. This study synthesizes research on the adoption process, highlighting key barriers and success factors identified in previous studies. The study reveals that the adoption of accrual accounting in Indonesia remains relatively low, with effectiveness being limited. Challenges such as resistance to change, inadequate capacity, and institutional constraints were found to impede the full implementation of accrual accounting in government organizations. The study concludes that while the adoption of accrual accounting in Indonesia is still in its early stages, there are significant barriers to its effective implementation. The findings suggest that for successful implementation, policy adjustments and capacity-building measures are crucial. The main takeaway is that a more strategic approach is needed to overcome the institutional and practical challenges in adopting accrual-based accounting standards in Indonesia.
THE ROLE OF DEBT REFINANCING IN BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY BASED ON NGAYAH IN BALI: A LITERATURE REVIEW BASED ON TPB
This study examines debt refinancing decisions in Balinese companies influenced by the social obligation of ngayah, a tradition of voluntary community service without compensation. While ngayah strengthens social cohesion, it can pressure companies facing financial difficulties, creating challenges for maintaining business continuity. In such conditions, debt refinancing becomes a strategic option to restore liquidity and stabilize operations, despite its inherent risks. Using a descriptive qualitative literature review, this study analyzes how refinancing decisions are shaped by cultural obligations through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are explored to understand managerial intentions when refinancing within the ngayah context. The findings show that refinancing decisions are not based solely on economic considerations but are significantly influenced by social expectations and cultural norms. This research highlights the unique role of local tradition in shaping financial decision-making—an area rarely addressed in previous studies. It concludes that companies practicing ngayah must adopt refinancing strategies that balance financial needs with social responsibilities. The study provides insights for policymakers and business leaders on designing refinancing approaches that respect cultural values while supporting sustainable going concern.
BRAND IMAGE AS A MEDIATOR IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GREEN MARKETING AND PURCHASE DECISION AT IKEA COMPANY
This study aimed to examine the influence of green marketing on consumer purchase decisions, focusing on the role of brand image as a mediating variable in that relationship. With increasing public awareness of environmental issues, understanding how green marketing strategies affected consumer behavior became essential particularly for multinational companies like IKEA, which implemented various sustainability practices. The main problem addressed in this research was the extent to which green marketing influenced purchasing decisions and how brand image served as a mediator that strengthened this effect. Although previous studies had often investigated green marketing and brand image separately, the interaction between the two variables in the context of a global company had not been widely explored. This research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. Questionnaires were distributed to 80 respondents, specifically IKEA consumers in Indonesia. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software, applying several statistical tests, including reliability testing, validity testing, multiple linear regression, and mediation analysis. The findings indicated that green marketing had a significant impact on consumers' purchase decisions. Moreover, brand image was proven to mediate the relationship between green marketing and purchase decisions, reinforcing the positive effect of green marketing strategies on consumer behavior. In conclusion, green marketing was found to be effective in capturing consumer attention and interest, especially when supported by a strong and positive brand image. The results of this study suggested that companies needed to align their green marketing efforts with brand image development in order to enhance customer loyalty and influence purchasing decisions. Ultimately, the study highlighted that a favorable brand image amplified the positive impact of green marketing on consumer behavior in environmentally conscious markets.
THE IMPACT OF TOURIST ARRIVALS AND MSME DEVELOPMENT ON VILLAGE ORIGINAL REVENUE (PAD) IN PEMUTERAN VILLAGE
This study aims to examine the influence of tourist arrivals and the growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) on the Village Original Revenue (PAD) in Pemuteran Village, Buleleng Regency, Bali, during the period from 2022 to 2024. The research employs a quantitative descriptive-correlational approach based on secondary data obtained from village records and tourism statistics. Over the observed period, the number of tourist visits to Pemuteran increased significantly, indicating a growing interest in the village's ecotourism potential. In 2023, there was also a sharp rise in the number of MSMEs, from 34 to 84 units, which remained stable through 2024. Despite this growth, the PAD fluctuated, decreasing in 2023 before slightly increasing again in 2024. Preliminary analysis suggests that tourist arrivals have a positive relationship with PAD, implying that an increase in tourism activities tends to contribute to higher village revenues. However, the rapid increase in MSMEs did not show a proportional impact on PAD, likely due to the fact that many of these enterprises operate informally and are not fully integrated into the village’s official economic and tax systems. This study recommends strengthening the management of local tourism retributions and encouraging the legal registration of MSMEs, which would help ensure that economic activities contribute effectively and sustainably to the village's financial development.
ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES) IN BULELENG: PRACTITIONERS’ PERSPECTIVES AND CHALLENGES
This study aims to examine the accounting practices of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Buleleng, Bali, and to identify the challenges faced by practitioners in implementing proper accounting systems. Adopting a qualitative case study approach, this research involved in-depth interviews with business owners and accounting personnel from various MSMEs in the region. The findings reveal that although most MSMEs manage their accounting through basic and informal methods, significant obstacles persist, including limited accounting knowledge, restricted access to technology, and inadequate human resources. Some enterprises have attempted to mitigate these issues by attending training sessions and adopting digital accounting tools. The study emphasizes the necessity for continuous education and governmental support in improving accounting competencies and facilitating access to relevant technologies. Furthermore, the study provides practical insights for policymakers to design initiatives that can enhance the accounting capacity and sustainability of MSMEs in Buleleng.
BALANCED SCORECARD AS A STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN RURAL BANKS: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES
This paper explores how the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), a strategic performance framework widely applied in corporate environments, is adapted within rural banking institutions across Southeast Asia and other developing regions. Rural banks, often operating under resource constraints, serve as critical enablers of microeconomic development and financial inclusion. However, their application of strategic tools such as the BSC remains limited, fragmented, and poorly documented. This paper addresses the research gap by focusing on how BSC is implemented in community-based financial institutions and the extent to which it supports performance improvement in these contexts. Unlike prior studies centered on urban or large-scale banking environments, this review highlights the unique challenges, leadership dynamics, and cultural adaptations involved in applying BSC in rural settings. Using a narrative literature review method, the study synthesizes findings from 30 peer-reviewed articles published between 2011 and 2025. A thematic analysis revealed four dominant themes: (1) the effectiveness of BSC in enhancing financial performance and strategic focus, (2) the role of leadership and organizational readiness, (3) persistent barriers such as limited human capital, digital literacy, and infrastructure gaps, and (4) the integration of BSC with innovation, risk management, and digital transformation. Grounded in Contingency Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV), the findings underscore that successful BSC implementation requires more than just technical application, it demands internal capability, strategic alignment, and sensitivity to local socio-institutional realities. This study contributes to the growing discourse on performance measurement in developing economies by contextualizing BSC in rural banking, and it offers practical insights for policymakers, rural bank leaders, and development stakeholders seeking to strengthen institutional resilience and accountability in underserved regions.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF RETAIL INVESTOR BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIA’S CAPITAL MARKET: BETWEEN THE TREND OF DIGITALIZATION AND FINANCIAL LITERACY
The main objective of this article is to analyze the transformation of retail investor behavior in Indonesia's capital market in the context of digitalization and financial literacy. The background problem lies in the rapid increase of individual investors, which is not always accompanied by rational investment decision-making, especially amidst the widespread use of digital trading platforms and exposure to social media. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated approach, combining perspectives from technology, behavioral psychology, and financial literacy to understand investment decision dynamics an approach that remains limited in the context of emerging markets like Indonesia. The research method employed is a descriptive qualitative analysis based on secondary data and literature from authoritative sources such as the Financial Services Authority (OJK), KSEI, and recent academic studies. The findingsindicate that digitalization expands access to investment but simultaneously increases susceptibility to psychological biases such as herding behavior and overconfidence, especially when not balanced with sufficient financial literacy. The conclusion suggests that experiential financial education and adaptive regulations are crucial for building an inclusive and sustainable capital market.
TRI HITA KARANA BASED SOCIAL VALUE REPORTING MODEL FOR BALINESE MSMEs
This study aims to design a social value reporting model for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Bali by integrating local wisdom specifically, the Tri Hita Karana philosophy into accounting practices. MSMEs in this region contribute not only economically but also play a significant role in preserving social and cultural values through practices such as ngayah (voluntary service). Unfortunately, these contributions are not adequately reflected in conventional financial reports. The research questions how social contributions rooted in local wisdom can be systematically incorporated into the financial reporting practices of MSMEs. The novelty of this research lies in proposing a Tri Hita Karana-based social reporting model, which has rarely been explored in MSME accounting literature. This study employs a qualitative case study approach involving traditional culinary MSMEs in Buleleng Regency. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and documentation studies. The data were analyzed thematically. Findings reveal that MSMEs make substantial social contributions, yet these are not formally documented. Consequently, the study proposes a prototype reporting model that categorizes contributions under three dimensions of Tri Hita Karana: Parahyangan, Pawongan, and Palemahan. The study concludes that incorporating local values into financial reporting enhances the relevance of accounting information and strengthens the cultural identity of MSMEs in Bali. This research offers both practical and theoretical contributions to the development of culturally grounded social accounting.
EMPLOYEE UNDERSTANDING OF THE DIGITALIZATION ERA AND ITS IMPACT ON WORK ENGAGEMENT: A QUALITATIVE STUDY AT LPD SEMSEMAN
Digitalization has significantly changed various sectors, including rural financial institutions like LPD Semseman. This study explores employees’ understanding of digitalization and its impact on work engagement at LPD Semseman. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, ten employees were purposively selected based on their direct involvement with digital technology and employment tenure of over one year. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review, and then analyzed thematically. The results show that LPD Semseman employees generally recognize the importance of digitalization in supporting daily operations and services. Adopting digital tools like the LPD Mobile application and QRIS payment system has streamlined work processes, improved efficiency, and reduced manual workload. While initial adaptation was challenging, especially for senior employees, regular training provided by the organization has successfully enhanced digital literacy for all staff. Younger, more technologically adept employees have been key in assisting their senior colleagues during the transition. Digitalization has also increased work engagement, reflected in higher motivation, a stronger sense of belonging, and improved job satisfaction. Supporting factors include a collaborative work culture, ongoing training, and organizational recognition. The main obstacles encountered at the outset were limited digital literacy and resistance to change, addressed through organizational support and intensive training. This study highlights the importance of developing digital literacy and maintaining organizational support to enhance employee engagement in the digital era.
ANALYSIS OF USER INTEREST IN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY (STUDY OF THE USE OF M-PISE APPLICATION IN VILLAGE CREDIT INSTITUTIONS)
This study discusses the Analysis of User Interest in Accounting Information System Technology (Study of the Use of M-Pise Applications in Village Credit Institutions). Accounting Information Systems are the most important part of every information management need. Accounting information is directly related to financial documents and business activities. Among the LPDs in Bali, one of the LPDs that has utilized the M-Pise LPD Digital application is the LPD of Ambengan Traditional Village, located in Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency. The LPD of Ambengan Traditional Village has launched the M-Pise LPD Digital/LPD Mobile application in 2019 in conjunction with the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the LPD. The problem raised is how is the implementation of User Interest in Accounting Information System Technology (M-Pise Application) in Village Credit Institutions? The theory of this research using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The method used in this study is a quantitative research method. The results obtained are: 1. Perception of usefulness has a positive and significant effect on Interest in Using M-Pise LPD digital. 2. Perception of security does not have a significant effect on interest in using the M-Pise application for LPD Ambengan customers. 3. Perception of trust does not have a significant effect on interest in using the M-Pise application for LPD Ambengan customers. 4. Perception of ease has a significant positive effect on interest in using the M-Pise application for LPD Ambengan customers. This shows that the system is easy to operate according to user wishes. 5. Promotion does not have a significant effect on interest in using the M-Pise application for LPD Ambengan customers. The implication of this research is trust perception and promotion get negative results, the suggestion that can be given is for LPD in Buleleng Regency to provide counseling and also explanation to the public that the use of the M-Pise application is easy and safe. In addition, for further researchers to increase the number of research samples in order to be able to assess the influence of the variables in this study more widely.
LOCAL WISDOM IN CREATING SIDETAPA VILLAGE AS A CULTURAL TOURISM DESTINATION IN BULELENG, BALI
This study aims to explore in depth local wisdom in the transformation of the village into a cultural tourism destination, highlighting community involvement in maintaining traditions in the face of various pressures of tourism development. Become a tourist village since 2018, Sidetapa Village has been able to preserve its traditional and cultural values, despite the increase in tourist visits, especially foreign tourists from year to year, even staying in the village. To determine the interaction between cultural preservation and tourism, this study uses ethnographic methods that include community observation, interviews with community leaders and residents, and studying relevant documentation. The research findings reveal that the involvement of active roles of local residents in tourism management has implications for the ability of Sidetapa Village to maintain its cultural identity while generating economic benefits. By combining tourism activities with traditional values, the village has maintained cultural authenticity while encouraging community empowerment. The practices implemented by Sidetapa Village have shown that cultural sustainability and tourism progress can coexist if local genius, community involvement, and ethical tourism practices are combined.
ANALYSIS OF QRIS USE ON THE UNITED STATES TRADE WAR POLICY TOWARDS INDONESIA
The issue of trade war tariffs issued by the United States to Indonesia is one of the triggers for the use of the QRIS (Quick Response code Indonesia Standard) payment system which was discussed during trade tariff negotiations between Indonesia and America. America considers the use of QRIS to hinder trade with Indonesia, while according to Indonesia, QRIS makes transactions easier for Indonesian people and countries in Asia that use QRIS. The problem of this research is about the use of QRIS which is a threat to the United States which makes America impose a trade tariff of 32%. Previous research only looked at the trade war between America and China and also the use of QRIS only for UMKM. While this study looks at the use of QRIS which has an impact on the world economy and is still in a trade war situation. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature method through library studies sourced from journals and access to data obtained from websites as information publications. The results of this study user active use of QRIS has the potential to shift the use of ATM cards with the visa or Mastercard logo in the buying and selling transaction process, besides addition to its practical use, the use of QRIS in terms of cost is also quite low. The conclusion of this study is that the use of the QRIS payment system threatens the income from the use of Visa and Mastercard cards, where Visa and Mastercard are payment systems owned by the United States, and the implication of this study is that we should be proud of the QRIS payment system which makes the transaction process easier and cheaper.
DO INVESTORS TRUST POLICY SIGNALS? MARKET REACTION TO DANANTARA IN THE INDONESIAN STOCK MARKET
This study examines the Indonesian capital market's response to the announcement of Daya Anagata Nusantara (Danantara), a government-initiated digital-based sovereign investment agency. The research focuses on how this strategic policy signal influenced market behavior, particularly among IDX30 stocks, which represent the most liquid and capitalized equities on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The announcement of Danantara sparked discussion in financial markets, but its reception was mixed. This study aims to answer whether the announcement produced a significant difference in abnormal returns and trading volume activity before and after the event. While previous research has evaluated market responses to various political and economic announcements, no prior studies have specifically assessed the market reaction to the Danantara initiative. This paper provides empirical evidence on how a newly established sovereign investment policy impacts investor behavior in the digital era. This is an event study using secondary data from 30 IDX30-listed companies, observed over an 11-day window surrounding the announcement date (February 24, 2025). Abnormal return and trading volume activity were calculated, and statistical testing was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and paired sample t-tests. The results reveal that there is no significant difference in abnormal return before and after the Danantara announcement. However, there is a significant difference in trading volume activity, indicating that the market responded through increased transactions rather than price adjustments. The findings suggest that although investors process new policy information, the Danantara announcement did not generate enough perceived value to affect stock prices significantly. However, it influenced investor activity, as seen through changes in trading volume. This highlights the importance of credible signaling and supports the view that market responses in emerging economies may not always align with efficient market expectations.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SAKTI APPLICATION IMPLEMENTATION ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of implementing the Institutional Level Financial Application System (SAKTI) at Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha in budget management. This research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation and documentation methods. The informants for this research were based on certain criteria, namely selecting Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha employees who acted as users or users of the SAKTI application. The selection is based on the user's knowledge, understanding and experience in using the SAKTI application. Use of the Sakti application is mandatory in accordance with the provisions of the Regulation of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number 171/PMK.05/2021 concerning Implementation of the SAKTI System. SAKTI is an integrated public financial management system or Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) which is an integrated and computerized state financial management package intended to increase effectiveness in managing state finances.
IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF BUMDES GIRI AMERTHA SADHU BONTIHING VILLAGE
This study aims to analyze the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles in Giri Amertha Sadhu Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Bontihing. The GCG principles studied include transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness. This study uses a qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the principles of transparency and accountability is still relatively weak compared to other aspects. Financial information has not been conveyed openly to the public, and activity reporting has not been carried out routinely and on time. On the other hand, the principle of responsibility has been implemented quite well through the involvement of administrators in responding to community aspirations and village deliberation forums. Based on these findings, it is recommended that BUMDes increase transparency through easily accessible publication media and build a more regular reporting system to strengthen accountability. This study is expected to be used as evaluation material in improving BUMDes governance to be more professional and sustainable.
THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, LIQUIDITY, AND SOLVENCY ON THE VALUE OF TECHNOLOGY SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX (2021-2024)
This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, and solvency on company value. The type of research used is quantitative research with an associative approach. This study uses secondary data sourced from the company's financial statements. The population of this study is all technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021-2024 period, with a total number of companies in this sector of 47 companies. Sample collection used a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of technology sector companies listed on the IDX consecutively during the 2021-2024 period and having completed financial reports consecutively during the 2021-2024 period. A research sample of 27 companies was obtained with 108 observations. The data analysis technique was carried out using the multiple linear regression analysis method with the help of the IBM SPSS 25 application. The results of this study indicate that partial profitability and liquidity have a positive effect on company value. Solvency has a negative effect on company value.
ANALYSIS FINANCIAL REPORTS IN PREDICTING THE OCCURRENCE OF FRAUD WITH THE BENEISH M-SCORE MODEL IN MINING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX IN 2021-2023
This study aims to analyze the potential for financial reporting fraud in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021 to 2023 using the Beneish M-Score model. This model is used to detect indications of financial reporting manipulation through the analysis of eight financial ratios that are processed into accumulative scores. Based on the results of the analysis, companies are grouped into three categories, namely manipulators, non-manipulators, and grey companies. The results showed that the number of companies classified as manipulators decreased significantly during the observation period, from 27.59% in 2021 to 6.90% in 2023. In contrast, the number of non-manipulators increased from 68.97% in 2021 to 86.21% in 2023. Meanwhile, grey companies experienced a slight increase, from 3.45% to 6.90%. These findings indicate that in general the integrity of financial reporting in mining companies has improved from year to year. This research is expected to provide relevant information for investors, creditors, and other interested parties in assessing the quality of the company's financial reports.
THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL KNOWLEDGE, FINANCIAL ATTITUDE, AND EDUCATION LEVEL ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR OF MSMES ACTORS IN TEJAKULA DISTRICT
Financial management behavior is an important concept in financial science because it helps business actors in managing and utilizing their business financial resources. This study is a quantitative study with an associative approach with the aim of determining the effect of financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and education levels on the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District. Due to the weak financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District, for that reason, is financial management behavior influenced by financial knowledge, financial attitudes, and education levels. The novelty of this study is the use of the education level variable which has rarely been studied for its effect on financial management behavior, especially for MSME actors in Tejakula District. This study uses a quantitative research method with data collection in the form of questionnaires distributed to respondents. The population used in this study were all MSME actors in Tejakula District in 2024 totaling 7,663. The sample determination was carried out using the purposive sampling technique with the help of the Slovin formula, so that the number of samples used in this study was 99 respondents. The data used in this study is primary data which is then analyzed using descriptive analysis, data quality testing, classical assumption testing, and hypothesis testing using SPSS tools. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the financial knowledge variable influences the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District. Furthermore, the financial attitude variable influences the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District. And finally, the education level variable influences the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District. This shows that the greater the financial knowledge, financial attitude, and education level, the more it will improve the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District. The practical implications of this study state that the financial management behavior of MSME actors is influenced by these three factors, where the better the financial knowledge, financial attitude, and education level of MSME actors, the better the financial management behavior of MSME actors in Tejakula District.
I Gede Ariesta Prasetya Dinata Adnyana Putra
CONSTRUCTING INDIGENOUS ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IN BALI: A STUDY OF IDENTITY POLITICS
This paper examines the formation of indigenous accounting standards in Bali as a manifestation of identity politics within the accounting discipline. It highlights how accounting practices, often considered neutral and technical, are deeply embedded in ideological and political structures reflecting dominant values. The central issue addressed in this study is: How can identity politics be reflected in accounting practice and the preparation of customary accounting standards as a manifestation of identity politics in Bali? The novelty of this study lies in its use of a critical accounting approach integrated with identity politics theory to analyse the process of standard setting within indigenous contexts. While previous studies have highlighted indigenous accounting as a form of resistance to colonial systems, few have explored the institutionalisation of these practices through formal policy, particularly in the Indonesian context. The research method is a critical literature review that synthesises postcolonial, critical accounting, and cultural identity frameworks. It draws from secondary sources, government regulations, and theoretical discourses to reveal the symbolic and political dimensions behind developing indigenous accounting standards in Bali. The findings indicate that formulating Indigenous accounting standards in Bali is not merely an administrative innovation but a cultural-political project that asserts local identity, challenges the universality of conventional accounting systems, and opens epistemological space for indigenous representation. However, it also risks being co-opted by formal power structures, thus requiring participatory safeguards to preserve authenticity. This study concludes that the initiative to develop indigenous accounting standards must be understood as part of a broader decolonial project that emphasises context-sensitive accountability and challenges epistemic marginalisation. It contributes to the discourse on alternative accounting by advocating for systems that are not only technically sound but also culturally resonant and socially just.
EXPLORATION OF STRATEGIC FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE KEDAI UMAH PRADJA PERFORMANCE BASED ON IFE AND EFE ANALYSIS
This study aims to explore the strategic factors that influence the performance of Kedai Umah Pradja, a culture-based culinary MSME in Singaraja, Bali. The novelty of this study lies in the application of IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation) and EFE (External Factor Evaluation) analysis to businesses that integrate local cultural identity into their business strategies. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data were obtained through questionnaires administered to four internal staff members and field observations. The results showed an IFE score of 4.74 and an EFE score of 4.53, placing Kedai Umah Pradja in the Strength–Opportunity (SO) quadrant, which is suitable for implementing an aggressive strategy. The main strategies proposed include local culture-based product innovation, digitization of promotion and services, and partnerships with local suppliers. This study contributes theoretically by linking cultural identity and structured strategic analysis, and provides practical implications for similar MSMEs in designing sustainable business strategies.
EXPLORING MODERN TEBA AS A LOCAL WISDOM-BASED WASTE MANAGEMENT MODEL TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE RURAL TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN BALI: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITHIN THE SDGS FRAMEWORK
Rural tourism development, depending on the local environment and culture, critically depends on sustainable waste management. In Bali, modern teba, using traditional backyard property as a community-based trash management center, has become a creative answer combining local knowledge with ecotourism ideas. This paper uses a method of systematic literature review to investigate, via modern teba, the possibilities and efficiency in supporting sustainable rural tourism. Fourty scientific papers released between 2015 and 2025 came from reliable databases, including Scopus,vScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar and ResearchGate, were searched and examined. According to the study findings, local community-based waste management projects can boost the circular economy, raise environmental awareness, and establish a sustainable destination image using their local approach. Modern teba is especially thought to be successful in helping minimize trash through organic waste processing, 3R practices (reduce, reuse, recycle), and active local participation. This research confirms that modern teba is a strategic model capable of being copied in the waste management framework in different tourist communities. Especially in responsible consumption and production and the preservation of terrestrial ecosystems, these results imply conceptual and practical contributions to developing environmentally based tourism policies and accomplishing sustainable development goals (SDGs).
ASSESSING FISCAL EFFICIENCY, ECONOMY, AND EFFECTIVENESS: A VALUE FOR MONEY STUDY OF REGIONAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE IN BALI
The Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) plays a crucial role in public financial management at the regional level, influencing development programs and community welfare. However, challenges remain in ensuring budget efficiency and effectiveness. This study analyzes the APBD performance of regencies and cities in Bali Province using the Value for Moneyapproach, focusing on economic, efficiency, and effectiveness aspects. The research employs secondary data from regional financial reports between 2020 and 2023. Findings indicate significant fiscal disparities among regions. Badung Regency demonstrates the highest fiscal independence, with a Local Revenue ratio of 85.73%, while other areas remain highly dependent on central government transfers. Efficiency analysis reveals fluctuating trends, with Gianyar experiencing inefficiency spikes of up to 121% in 2021 before stabilizing in 2023. Badung Regency recorded a high effectiveness ratio of 154% in 2022, reflecting strong fiscal execution but also posing sustainability concerns. Moreover, fiscal balance varies across regions, with some experiencing surpluses while others face deficits, highlighting different budgeting strategies. For instance, Badung reported an expenditure of IDR 7.28 trillion in 2023 against revenues of IDR 7.21 trillion, showing controlled budget management, whereas Bangli faced a deficit with expenditures surpassing revenues. These variations indicate diverse financial strategies and challenges in optimizing budget allocations. This study provides valuable insights for regional governments in enhancing budget efficiency and ensuring fiscal sustainability to support long-term development objectives.
OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO FORMATION USING SINGLE INDEX MODEL OF LQ45 STOCKS IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR 2021-2024 PERIOD
The research determines the best portfolio composition using the Single Index Model (SIM) on stocks listed in the LQ45 index at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021-2024 period. 45 stocks that are part of the LQ45 index were evaluated, based on their return, risk, and beta. The Single Index Model was used to choose stocks for the best portfolio based on their Excess Return to Beta (ERB) values compared to a cut-off point. The results show that from 45 stocks analyzed, 10 stocks formed the best portfolio with ADRO having the biggest allocation (75.37%), followed by ITMG (7.94%) and PGAS (4.34%). The mining sector was the biggest in the portfolio, showing it had the best risk-return during the study period. The optimal portfolio gave an expected yearly return of 64.84% with a risk level of 9.76%, and a Sharpe ratio of 6.13, showing very good risk-adjusted performance compared to the market. This research adds to the growing literature on portfolio optimization strategies in emerging markets, especially for Indonesian investors who want to maximize returns while managing investment risks in the IDX.
I Gusti Ayu Agung Nararatna Mirah Nandini
BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM IN VILLAGES: THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN ENCOURAGING STUDENT INTENTIONS
In the era of rapid digital transformation, technology-based financial management has become a crucial aspect in the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), especially in tourist villages that rely on innovation and digital competitiveness. However, along with the development of digital technology, many MSME actors in tourist villages face challenges in managing finances effectively. Limitations in financial literacy and understanding of accountability are major obstacles in adapting to the digital financial system. The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of financial literacy and perceptions of accountability on students' intentions in managing digital-based MSME finances in tourist villages. The novelty of this study lies in the relationship between financial literacy and perceptions of accountability in relation to digital-based MSME financial management in tourist villages which has not been widely studied. The primary data for this study was obtained through questionnaires that were distributed directly to the selected respondents. Based on the calculation of the Slovin formula, 91 samples were obtained. Data analysis used SPSS version 25 to test the relationship between variables, including: reliability tests, validity tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. The findings in this study conclude that financial literacy and perception of accountability and the relationship between the two have a positive and significant influence on students' intentions in managing digital-based MSME finances in tourist villages. This study is expected to contribute to the development of strategies to improve financial literacy and accountability among students, so that they can play an active role in supporting digital-based MSME financial management in tourist villages. In addition, this study provides a real contribution in encouraging collaboration between the younger generation and MSME actors through strengthening the capacity of literacy and responsible digital financial governance, which ultimately supports the sustainability of the tourist village economy in a sustainable manner.
RECONCILING CONTROL, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND SUSTAINABILITY: A CONCEPTUAL SYNTHESIS OF MEDICAL WASTE GOVERNANCE, PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS, AND THE LEVERS OF CONTROL IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS
Medical waste management has become an increasingly urgent governance concern for public hospitals, particularly in developing and emerging economies where institutional complexity, fiscal constraints, and regulatory ambiguity persist. Although improper waste handling poses severe public health risks, the persistent failures observed across hospitals cannot be explained through technical or operational lenses alone. This conceptual paper synthesizes three major bodies of literature—medical waste governance, performance measurement systems (PMSs), and Simons’ Levers of Control (LoC)—to develop an integrated understanding of how organizational control architectures shape managerial attention, accountability, and environmental performance. The review shows that weak PMS design, fragmented control systems, and inconsistent enactment of control levers collectively contribute to the gap between formal regulatory expectations and actual waste-handling practices. It also highlights empirical anomalies and theoretical tensions within LoC research, particularly its assumptions regarding lever interactions and synergy when applied to resource-constrained, bureaucratic health systems. The Indonesian public-hospital setting illustrates how autonomy and dependence coexist, complicating efforts to institutionalize effective waste governance. By consolidating dispersed insights from multiple disciplines, this paper advances a more comprehensive and context-sensitive explanation of medical waste governance and offers a foundation for future empirical research on the interplay between PMSs, control levers, and environmental stewardship in public healthcare.
STRENGTHENING THE ASSETS OF VILLAGE CREDIT INSTITUTIONS THROUGH EFFICIENT REVENUE AND COST MANAGEMENT
The increase in Return on Asset shows that LPD is more efficient in generating profits from its assets and allows LPD to increase the availability of capital so that it can support more credit distribution to the community. The purpose of this study is to test the effect of Loan to Deposit Ratio on Return On Asset LPD in Bangli District, test the effect of Non-Performing Loan on Return On Asset LPD in Bangli District, test the effect of Loan to Deposit Ratio on Net Interest Margin LPD in Bangli District, test the effect of Non-Performing Loan on Net Interest Margin LPD in Bangli District, test the effect of Net Interest Margin on Return On Asset LPD in Bangli District, test the role of Net Interest Margin in mediating Loan to Deposit Ratio on Return On Asset LPD in Bangli District, test the role of Net Interest Margin in mediating Non Performing Loan on Return On Asset LPD in Bangli District. This study involved 23 LPDs in Bangli District for the period 2021 to 2023. Data analysis used SmartPLS 3.0 software to implement the Structural Equation Model Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique. Based on the bootstrapping results, the results showed that LDR had no significant effect on ROA, NPL had a significant negative effect on ROA, LDR had an insignificant effect on NIM, NPL had a significant negative effect on NIM, NIM had a significant positive effect on ROA, LDR had an insignificant positive effect on ROA through NIM, and NPL had a significant negative effect on ROA through NIM. Based on the results of the Variance Accounted For (AVE), the results of the influence of LDR on ROA through NIM are -9.22% where VAF is less than 20% which means there is no mediation effect and the influence of NPL on ROA through NIM is 24.81% where VAF is more than 20% and less than 80% which means there is a partial mediation effect between these variables.
FINANCIAL LITERACY, FINTECH ADOPTION, AND INVESTMENT DECISIONS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION AMONG BALI’S YOUNG GENERATION
This study investigates the influence of financial literacy and financial technology (FinTech) on investment decisions among Generation Z in Bali Province, with financial inclusion as a mediating variable. The issue arises from the rapid adoption of FinTech amid persistently low financial literacy and limited access to inclusive financial services in Indonesia. The research questions whether financial literacy and FinTech adoption affect investment decisions directly or indirectly through financial inclusion. The novelty of this study lies in integrating three key variables—financial literacy, FinTech adoption, and financial inclusion—into a single empirical model to explain actual investment behavior. Prior research often examines these factors separately and lacks focus on youth in regional areas. This research applies a quantitative method using a cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 100 respondents aged 17–26 using purposive sampling. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) via SmartPLS 4.0. The results show that financial literacy has a direct effect on investment decisions, but not on financial inclusion. FinTech adoption significantly influences both financial inclusion and investment decisions. Furthermore, financial inclusion partially mediates the effect of FinTech adoption on investment behavior. The study concludes that digital access through FinTech plays a vital role in encouraging youth investment. The findings suggest that financial education should be supported by inclusive financial infrastructure to improve decision-making among young digital users.
TURNOVER INTENTION AUDITOR: A LITERATURE REVIEW ON JOB SATISFACTION, WORK PRESSURE, AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER
Auditor turnover intention remains a persistent challenge in public accounting firms. High rates of turnover not only disrupt audit team stability but also impair client relationships and audit quality. This literature review synthesizes empirical studies and theoretical perspectives on the determinants of turnover intention among auditors, particularly focusing on job satisfaction (through perceptions of profession, work conditions, and work environment) and work pressure (specifically the pressure related to CPA certification). In addition, the moderating role of gender is examined to understand how male and female auditors may respond differently to work-related factors. Findings show consistent support for job satisfaction variables as key predictors of turnover intention, while work pressure related to certification is an emerging determinant. Gender differences appear to moderate these relationships in varied ways depending on cultural context and social expectations. This review identifies research gaps and offers directions for future study in auditing human resource retention.
DETECTING FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD THROUGH THE FRAUD HEXAGON MODEL: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF ITS APPLICATION AND MODERATING ROLE OF AUDIT COMMITTEES
Financial statement fraud, while statistically less frequent than other types of occupational fraud, causes the highest financial losses. This literature review synthesizes theoretical and empirical findings on the Fraud Hexagon model, which extends traditional fraud theories by incorporating six key elements: pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance, and collusion. The review also explores the moderating role of audit committees in mitigating these fraud risk factors, particularly in the context of state-owned enterprises. Findings reveal varied empirical support for each element and indicate that audit committees can moderate some, but not all fraud mechanisms. Research gaps are identified to guide future studies on fraud detection and governance effectiveness.
THE EFFECT OF PERSONAL BUDGETING AND FINANCIAL LITERACY ON GEN Z INVESTMENT DECISIONS
This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of personal budgeting and financial literacy on Generation Z's investment decisions in Bali Province. After the COVID-19 pandemic, Generation Z began to actively engage in digital investments as part of their financial adaptation and economic recovery. This phenomenon highlights the importance of understanding the behavioral and cognitive factors that influence their financial decision-making. This research is unique in terms of the combination of variables tested—particularly personal budgeting—which is still rarely studied together with investment decision-making, especially in the context of Generation Z. The study adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a questionnaire with Likert scale measurements. The sampling method applies the Slovin formula with a 10% margin of error, yielding 100 respondents from a total Generation Z population in Bali of 1,127,520 individuals. These results suggest that better financial planning and knowledge contribute to more rational and responsible investment behavior. In addition, this study contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically Goal 4 (Quality Education), through the promotion of financial literacy as a 21st-century life skill, and Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), by empowering youth with financial competencies that support inclusive economic growth. The insights provided can serve as a reference for educational institutions, policymakers, and financial service providers in designing strategies to enhance financial capabilities among the younger generation.
EFFECTS OF ONLINE SHOPPING, FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR, AND FINANCIAL LITERACY ON THE CONSUMPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN GANESHA
This study investigates the influence of online shopping application usage, financial behavior, and financial literacy on the consumptive behavior of undergraduate accounting students at Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, particularly e-commerce applications, Generation Z especially university students have become highly exposed to targeted promotions such as flash sales, pay-later options, and free shipping. Despite their academic background in financial management, accounting students are still found to engage in frequent and impulsive consumption, raising questions about the gap between theoretical financial knowledge and actual financial behavior. The research adopts a quantitative approach with a causal-comparative design. A total of 140 respondents were selected using purposive sampling, targeting active students in the undergraduate accounting program who routinely engage in online shopping. Data were collected using a structured Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The findings show that online shopping application usage and financial behavior have a statistically significant partial effect on students’ consumptive behavior. In contrast, financial literacy does not significantly affect consumptive behavior when examined in isolation. However, when tested simultaneously, all three independent variables jointly influence consumptive behavior in a significant way. These results suggest that the presence of financial knowledge alone is insufficient to curb excessive consumption patterns. Instead, practical financial habits and behavioral discipline play a more crucial role. Students with poor financial behavior, even if financially literate, are still vulnerable to impulsive buying driven by social trends and marketing stimuli in online platforms. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating practical financial education, focusing not only on knowledge but also on behavioral change. Educational institutions should consider implementing more applied financial literacy programs that address real-life consumption challenges faced by students.
STUDENT PERCEPTION OF FAKE INVESTMENT RISK AS A FACTOR AFFECTING STUDENT INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Investment offers higher returns than saving but is vulnerable to fraudulent schemes, which pose risks particularly to inexperienced investors such as students. This study investigates how students at Ganesha University of Education perceive the risks of fraudulent investment and how these perceptions influence their investment decisions. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with selected students from different faculties. Thematic analysis was applied to identify patterns in their responses. The findings reveal two main tendencies: (1) students with better financial literacy perceive investment positively and remain willing to invest, albeit more cautiously; and (2) students with limited knowledge develop negative perceptions that discourage them from investing. The dominant outcome shows that fraudulent investment risks primarily increase caution rather than eliminate students’ interest in investing. These results highlight the importance of strengthening financial literacy and fraud awareness to support informed decision-making and protect young investors. The study contributes to financial education development, especially in university contexts, and provides insights for policymakers in designing investment literacy programs.
THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORIENTATION, GREEN INNOVATION CAPABILITY, GREEN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ON SME FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
The main objective of this study is to explore green entrepreneurship orientation and green product development with the support of green innovation capability triggered by the activeness of growing green knowledge creation can improve marketing performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the growth of green entrepreneurship orientation as a challenge and opportunity for SMEs so as to produce green product development capabilities; creative green product development that is in accordance with consumer desires needs to be supported by good green innovation capability; The growth of green innovation capability cannot be separated from green knowledge creation efforts in SMEs; The resulting green product development directly affects marketing performance, but not so with green innovation capability cannot directly improve marketing performance but must go through green product development. SMEs as the driving force of the economy are still in their basic format as a form of innovative, proactive, and risk-taking business, must always produce innovative products and services to achieve sustainable performance. Green product development has proven to be quite effective in improving marketing performance, but it must be based on a strong green entrepreneurship orientation and good green innovation capability so that the ability of SMEs in developing green products is truly good and in accordance with consumer concerns about environmental issues. In the context of this study, the ability to innovate green products must be supported by the ability of SMEs in strong green knowledge creation in their business environment.
UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP PRACTICES AS PART OF THE SDGs ELEMENTS
To conduct a double empirical analysis. Firstly, to reveal social entrepreneurship practices in social enterprises and, secondly, to analyze the relationship between social entrepreneurship factors in social enterprises and SDGs elements. Although there is research on the relationship between SDGs and social entrepreneurship, there has been no in-depth research on the meaning of social entrepreneurship practices in the SDGs in more detail. Through the concept of social entrepreneurship, the management of the Kaki Kita Sukasada Foundation can prove that social institutions, such as foundations, in forming business units are not negligent in carrying out the responsibility of managing the foundation, as can be seen from the implementation of good accountability. This research is designed with a qualitative method that aims to describe and explain the pattern of relationships that can only be done with a certain category framework conceptually. The principle of independence in the management of the Kaki Kita Sukasada Foundation is based on the concept of social entrepreneurship demonstrated by the success of the foundation's business units in supporting the foundation's social programs and the foundation's management is responsible for the welfare of people who are actively and fully involved in the sustainability of the foundation's business units. from the implementation of good accountability of the foundation management towards donors, as evidenced by the implementation of the foundation's programs that are right on target, and the existence of a strong commitment by the foundation management towards the independence of the foundation in the future.
TOURIST MOTIVATION AND BEHAVIOR: ANALYSIS OF NEEDS, WANTS, AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE TOURISM MARKET IN BULELENG REGENCY
This study aims to analyze tourist motivation, needs, and wants, as well as their impact on the tourism market, particularly in Buleleng Regency. Understanding the underlying factors that drive tourist behavior is essential for tourism industry stakeholders in designing appropriate market segmentation and effective marketing strategies. The study adopts a literature review method using a thematic approach, analyzing various academic sources and relevant case studies that discuss motivation theories, tourist consumer behavior, and the social and psychological variables influencing travel decisions. The analysis reveals that tourists possess a wide range of needs associated with psychological satisfaction, social interaction, and self-actualization. These findings support the idea that the tourism market can be broadly divided into two major segments: need-based markets, which focus on fundamental and psychological fulfillment, and want-based markets, which emphasize desires, aspirations, and unique experiences. In addition to cultural background, habits, and social class, tourism decision-making is significantly influenced by peer groups and reference groups, which help shape individual preferences and perceptions of destinations. The study highlights that failure to address both the needs and wants of tourists may lead to dissatisfaction and boredom with tourism products, ultimately driving tourists to switch to competitors. Therefore, tourism practitioners must go beyond promoting destination attractions and strive to understand the complex motivations behind tourist behavior. By identifying specific market segments and aligning tourism offerings with travelers’ expectations, stakeholders can create more relevant, engaging, and sustainable tourism experiences that foster long-term loyalty and destination competitiveness.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF “MELUKAT” IN CONTEMPORARY SPIRITUAL TOURISM: A NETNOGRAPHIC APPROACH
This study explores the symbolic transformation of the Balinese purification ritual "Melukat" within the context of spiritual tourism and digital media. Using a netnographic approach, TikTok videos were analysed to understand how tourists interpret and engage with this ritual. Findings show that tourists often reframe “Melukat” as a healing or emotional experience, detached from its original Hindu-Balinese religious context. Social media plays a key role in shaping these perceptions, emphasizing aesthetic appeal and personal wellness narratives. This phenomenon raises questions about authenticity, commodification, and the evolving meaning of spiritual practices in a digital age.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF THE M-PISE APPLICATION IN PREVENTING CORRUPTION IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AT THE BEDHA TRADITIONAL VILLAGE LPD
The development of digital technology has encouraged Village Credit Institutions (LPD) to adapt in order to improve the transparency and accountability of financial management. The LPD of Bedha Traditional Village still faces challenges related to the misuse of funds, which has the potential to undermine public trust. This study aims to analyze the use of the M-Pise application as an effort to prevent corruption. The method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach through interviews and document studies. The results show that M-Pise is able to strengthen transparency and accountability through automatic transaction recording and digital features, including interbank transfers, QRIS payments, digital archives, and real-time access to savings balances. This application has been proven to reduce opportunities for data manipulation and financial abuse, while increasing public trust in LPDs. This study contributes to the literature on the digitization of local financial institutions and provides practical recommendations for strengthening technology-based fund management systems in the LPD environment.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE BASED ON SINTA INDEXED LITERATURE REVIEW 2020-2025
This study aims to analyze and synthesize the main factors influencing taxpayer compliance in Indonesia through a comprehensive review of 14 journal articles indexed in SINTA from 2020 to 2025. Taxpayer compliance remains an important pillar in achieving national revenue targets and supporting sustainable development. Despite ongoing reform efforts, Indonesia still faces challenges related to non-compliance, such as tax evasion and late tax reporting. The literature shows that several interrelated factors influence taxpayer behavior, including tax knowledge, awareness, service quality from tax authorities, strictness of sanctions, technological advances such as e-filing, and external influences such as social environment and economic conditions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by systematically analyzing journal publications that discuss these variables. The review identifies seven dominant themes: taxpayer understanding, awareness, tax sanctions, service quality, digitalization, tax audits, and the moderating effect of financial conditions. The results show that taxpayer knowledge and awareness are the basis for compliance, but this is significantly supported by the clarity of regulations and the availability of digital systems. Furthermore, the study shows that sanctions are only effective if applied consistently and transparently, while service quality increases trust and voluntary compliance. The involvement of tax volunteers, public campaigns, and the use of information technology have emerged as innovative strategies to increase engagement, especially among younger taxpayers. The literature also shows that a multidimensional and contextual approach that combines individual and structural perspectives is essential for improving long-term compliance. This paper contributes to the academic literature by presenting an integrated conceptual framework and providing insights for policymakers to design more adaptive, equitable, and evidence-based tax compliance strategies.
THE EFFECT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BANKING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE IDX IN THE PERIOD 2021 – 2024
<div class="message__5126c cozyMessage__5126c forceAnimate_dfb989 wrapper_c19a55 cozy_c19a55 zalgo_c19a55" tabindex="-1" role="article" data-list-item-id="chat-messages___chat-messages-1388616555574853833-1401605266990174288" aria-setsize="-1" aria-roledescription="Message" aria-labelledby="message-username-1401605192281227284 uid_1 message-content-1401605266990174288 uid_2 message-timestamp-1401605266990174288"> This study examines the impact of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the financial performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2021–2024 period. Financial performance, particularly Return on Assets (ROA), serves as a key indicator of a company’s operational success. The study integrates GCG variables board of directors, independent board of commissioners, and audit committee along with CSR as determinants of financial performance, an approach that has been underexplored in recent literature. Using a quantitative method with an associative approach, data was collected from annual and sustainability reports of 40 banking companies over four years (160 data points), analyzed via multiple linear regression with SPSS. The results reveal that all GCG components (board of directors, independent board of commissioners, audit committee) and CSR have a positive and significant impact on financial performance. The Adjusted R² of 0.602 indicates that 60.2% of the variation in financial performance is explained by these factors. This study highlights the importance of robust governance structures and CSR involvement in enhancing banking performance, with practical implications for policy-makers and banking institutions aiming to strengthen governance frameworks and ensure long-term profitability and sustainability.
AFFILIATION OR INNOVATION? A LITERATURE REVIEW ON YOUNG GENERATIONS' ECONOMIC PREFERENCES IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Digital transformation has influenced the economic behavior of the young generation, particularly through the rise of digital product affiliation programs such as TikTok Affiliate. This study aims to analyze the tendency of young people to prefer affiliation over building independent businesses and to examine its implications for innovation and entrepreneurship. Affiliation programs provide instant income, flexibility, and low financial risk, making them highly attractive to youth. However, this trend raises concerns that the motivation to build independent businesses and pursue innovation may decline, which in the long run can weaken the entrepreneurial ecosystem. While previous studies have examined digital affiliation and entrepreneurship separately, limited research directly compares youth preferences between these two paths. This paper contributes by highlighting how affiliation and entrepreneurship interact and what this means for future innovation. This study applies a literature review method by synthesizing ten peer-reviewed journals published between 2022 and 2025. The journals were purposively selected based on relevance, credibility, and recency. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively to identify motivations, perceptions, and potential impacts of affiliation trends. The analysis shows that ease of access, flexibility, and minimal capital strongly drive youth to engage in digital product affiliation. Independent entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is perceived as riskier, requiring more capital and long-term commitment. As a result, affiliation dominates youth economic activities, but with the consequence of reducing entrepreneurial spirit and innovation. Affiliation provides short-term economic opportunities but may weaken long-term innovation if not balanced with entrepreneurship education. Collaboration among educational institutions, digital platforms, and policymakers is needed to ensure that instant income opportunities align with efforts to foster creativity and innovation among the young generation.
THE IMPACT OF THE TAX AMNESTY PROGRAM AND NAME TRANSFER FEE EXEMPTION ON THE COMPLIANCE OF MOTOR VEHICLE TAXPAYERS IN BULELENG REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the effect of the Tax Amnesty Program and the Name Transfer Fee Exemption on the compliance of motor vehicle taxpayers. This research employed a causal quantitative design. The population in this study consisted of all motor vehicle taxpayers registered at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of the Bali Provincial Revenue and Levy Service in Buleleng Regency, totaling 526,741 taxpayers. The number of samples was determined using the Slovin formula, resulting in 228 respondents. The findings reveal that the Tax Amnesty Program has a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance, and the Name Transfer Fee Exemption also has a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance.
THE EFFECT OF USEFULNESS, SATISFACTION, AND RISK OF USING QRIS ON INTEREST IN LOCAL TRADERS IN THE “PASAR UMUM NEGARA BAHAGIA”
This study aims to analyze the influence of the usefulness, satisfaction, and risks of QRIS on the interest of local traders in adopting digital payment systems at the Pasar Umum Negara Bahagia, Jembrana. The phenomenon of the problem that is the focus is the low adoption rate of QRIS in the traditional market, despite the great potential to improve business transaction efficiency through digital payment technology. This study aims to provide an overview of the factors influencing traders' interest in using QRIS, as well as to offer recommendations for enhancing its adoption. The population of this study consists of all traders operating in the Happy Country General Market, with a sample of 155 traders selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through initial observations, questionnaires, and documentation studies.. The data analysis techniques used are classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and partial significance tests (t-tests) to examine the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The research results show that the usefulness of QRIS has a significant impact on merchants' interest, with a t-value of 18.552 and a significance level of 0.000. User satisfaction and risk perception also have a significant impact with t-values of 3.206 and 3.232, and significance levels of 0.002. Overall, these three factors can predict merchants' interest in using QRIS. The conclusion of this study is that to increase QRIS adoption, a better understanding of its benefits, improved user satisfaction, and good risk management are needed.
ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF SAK ETAP ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CASE STUDY AT KPN SETYA GRAHA DESA PENYARINGAN, MENDOYO DISTRICT, JEMBRANA REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the implementation of SAK ETAP and its impact on the quality of financial statements at KPN Setya Graha. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data sources for this study are primary data obtained from interviews with KPN Setya Graha employees and secondary data in the form of KPN Setya Graha's Annual Financial Reports from 2022 to 2024. The object of this study is a case study at KPN Setya Graha, located in Penyaringan Village, Mendoyo District, Jembrana Regency. The novelty of this study compared to previous studies lies in its focus on the impact of the implementation of SAK ETAP on the quality of financial statements. The data analysis technique used in this study is data reduction, which involves focusing on the issues at hand, reviewing the notes obtained at the research site, then collecting detailed data to be compiled into a report. The data presentation involves analyzing the obtained data and presenting it in the study. The final data analysis technique is drawing conclusions, where after presenting the data, the researcher draws conclusions related to the results of this study. The results of this study indicate that KPN Setya Graha has implemented SAK ETAP in its financial reporting, which also affects the quality of KPN Setya Graha's financial reports. KPN Setya Graha's financial reports after the implementation of SAK ETAP have become more transparent and easier to understand. In 2022, KPN Setya Graha's annual financial reports were used as examples for KPNs in Jembrana Regency.
THE CAUSES AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE 2025 GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS ON INDONESIA
This paper meticulously analyzes the projected causes and economic impacts of the 2025 global financial crisis on Indonesia, aiming to provide deeper insight into global economic dynamics and guide Indonesia's preparedness to strengthen its economic resilience. The core problem addressed is the anticipated onset of a significant global financial crisis in 2025, driven by persistent market instability, escalating global debt, and heightened geopolitical tensions, and how these global triggers will specifically manifest and disproportionately affect Indonesia's diverse economic sectors and vulnerable social groups. The novelty of this research lies in its unique forward-looking, country-specific qualitative analysis tailored to a projected future event, integrating established theories of financial instability—such as Kindleberger's cyclical patterns and Minsky's Financial Instability Hypothesis—with an in-depth assessment of Indonesia's particular vulnerabilities and resilience mechanisms, a dimension not adequately explored for this specific future scenario in existing literature. The study employs a qualitative methodological approach, relying primarily on secondary data meticulously gathered from authoritative sources including international financial institutions, national central banks, government ministries, and peer-reviewed academic literature. The collected qualitative data are rigorously analyzed using content and thematic analysis, complemented by comparative and policy analysis to formulate strategic recommendations. The findings indicate that the 2025 crisis will likely stem from asset price bubbles, global debt accumulation, and geopolitical uncertainties, rendering Indonesia susceptible despite demonstrating some macroeconomic resilience, particularly through capital flow reversals and reduced demand for its key exports. The crisis is projected to disproportionately affect the industrial sector, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), and informal workers, potentially leading to widespread business closures, job losses, and exacerbated social inequality, while straining the financial sector with liquidity crunches and testing fiscal resilience. In conclusion, the impending 2025 global financial crisis will have significant and multifaceted impacts on Indonesia, underscoring the imperative for proactive and innovative policy formulation, encompassing strengthened social safety nets, economic diversification, and robust international cooperation, to enhance Indonesia's long-term economic resilience and mitigate severe social and macroeconomic consequences.
INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY AND ESG PRINCIPLES IN BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS ECOSYSTEM
In the era of digital disruption and increasing focus on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues, integrating digital technology with ESG principles is a strategic imperative, yet its systematic deployment remains underexplored. This qualitative-descriptive study addresses this gap by investigating how digital technologies can cultivate resilient, sustainable business ecosystems, employing a synthesis of international literature and purposive case studies of leading multinational corporations (MNCs). Findings indicate that innovationsspecifically Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are vital enablers, structurally reinforcing the Triple Bottom Line and Stakeholder Theory by significantly enhancing transparency, operational excellence, and accountability across all ESG pillars. The research proposes a novel integrated ESG governance framework while simultaneously identifying critical barriers, notably the digital divide between MNCs and SMEs, high implementation costs, and ethical concerns. The clear implication is that companies must strategically embed ESG values into their digital innovation roadmaps to future-proof operations and create lasting value, necessitating inclusive digital policies to facilitate equitable global adoption.
INTEGRATING TIKTOK INTO ECONOMICS CLASSROOMS: ENHANCING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA
Presenting effective learning is one of the things that teachers need to pay attention to. One of the factors that is a success in the learning process is by using the right learning media. Currently, high school students are very close to technology and social media. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the application of social media-based learning media, namely TikTok Videos, on the economic learning outcomes of high school students compared to direct tutoring. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach to determine the differences in learning outcomes in the experimental class taught using TikTok media and the control class with the direct tutoring method. The population in this study were 4 classes of class XI IPS students of Panjura Malang High School. The sample in this study was 2 classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The learning outcomes showed that there was a difference in the average learning outcomes of students in the experimental class and the control class. Based on these results, it shows that students are more interested in learning with technology-based media and social media, this is because currently teenagers are very close to technology and social media in their daily lives so that their high learning motivation will improve students' economic learning outcomes
TRENDS IN CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION MODELS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
This study investigates the evolving landscape of corporate bankruptcy prediction models in Indonesia, focusing on their methodological diversity, sectoral applicability, and contextual relevance in the post-pandemic era. The increasing financial fragility of Indonesian firms particularly in manufacturing, construction, and services underscores the urgency for accurate early-warning systems tailored to local economic dynamics. This review fills a gap in prior research by systematically mapping traditional models (e.g., Altman Z-Score, Zmijewski, Ohlson) and emerging approaches (e.g., machine learning, hybrid models) within the Indonesian context. Using a narrative literature review method, 32 relevant studies were thematically analyzed to capture trends in model usage, performance, and sector-specific calibration. The findings reveal that while classical models remain dominant in capital-intensive industries due to their simplicity and interpretability, their performance weakens in asset-light sectors. In contrast, machine learning methods—such as Random Forest and XGBoost—demonstrate higher predictive accuracy in dynamic and data-rich environments but face challenges of interpretability and regulatory acceptance. A growing body of research also supports the integration of non-financial variables, including ESG indicators, audit quality, and corporate governance. The study concludes that future research should focus on hybrid model development, underexplored sectors such as MSMEs, and improved data infrastructure. These insights offer actionable implications for policymakers, regulators, and industry stakeholders in strengthening corporate financial resilience and developing more inclusive, adaptive predictive frameworks.
LITERATURE REVIEW: THE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMES)
This study examines the effect of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. The research addresses the question of whether AIS implementation and utilization can enhance MSMEs performance. A literature review approach with a qualitative descriptive method was applied, analyzing nine national scientific articles published between 2016 and 2025 that were systematically selected. The results indicate that six studies found AIS to have a significant positive effect on MSMEs performance, particularly in improving financial records, report preparation, and decision-making. In contrast, three studies reported no significant impact, largely due to limited human resources, lack of accounting knowledge, and inadequate technological facilities. These findings highlight that the effectiveness of AIS depends on the readiness of MSMEs in terms of skills, resources, and technology adoption. The study implies that strengthening accounting literacy, enhancing information technology capacity, and providing government support and infrastructure are essential to optimize AIS implementation across MSMEs sectors.
THE INFLUENCE OF ACCOUNTING UNDERSTANDING, ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM QUALITY AND SUPERVISORY BOARD FUNCTION ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING OF VILLAGE-OWNED ENTERPRISES
This study aims to analyze the influence of accounting understanding, accounting information systems quality, and supervisory board function on the quality of financial reporting of Village-Owned Enterprises in Tabanan District. The background of this study is the phenomenon of delays and low-quality financial reports, which have implications for the quality of Village-Owned Enterprise financial reporting. These problems are influenced by managers' limited understanding of accounting, suboptimal utilization of accounting information systems, and weak oversight functions. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of these three main variables into the quality of Village-Owned Enterprise financial reporting, a previously rarely studied study. This study used quantitative methods. The research data were sourced from primary data through questionnaires distributed to managers. The population of this study was 12 Village-Owned Enterprises in Tabanan District. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, resulting in a sample of 7 Village-Owned Enterprises in Tabanan District with 42 Village-Owned Enterprise managers as respondents. The results indicate that accounting understanding, accounting information system quality, and supervisory board function have a positive and significant effect on the quality of Village-Owned Enterprise financial reporting.
THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS AND ISO 14001 CERTIFICATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION DISCLOSURE IN MINING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA
This study addresses the issue of environmental information disclosure in the context of mining companies in Indonesia, focusing on the influence of environmental costs and ISO 14001 certification. The disclosure of environmental information is becoming increasingly important as increasing pressure from regulators, the public, and investors who demand transparency over the ecological impact of corporate activities, especially in industries that have a high risk to the environment. The main problem in this study is the low level of environmental information disclosure by mining companies despite the allocation of environmental costs and ownership of ISO 14001 certification. The novelty of this study lies in the simultaneous approach that tests two main factors-environmental costs and ISO 14001-that were previously often studied separately, as well as the specific focus on the Indonesian mining sector that has not been comprehensively explored in environmental accounting studies. This study uses quantitative methods with an associative approach and multiple linear regression analysis. Secondary data was collected from annual reports and sustainability reports of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) selected through purposive sampling technique. The results showed that neither environmental costs nor ISO 14001 certification had a statistically significant effect on the level of environmental information disclosure. In conclusion, cost and certification have not been the main drivers of sustainability reporting, so companies and regulators need to revisit disclosure strategies that are more substantial and effective.
THE ROLE OF QRIS ON MSMES REVENUE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SUPPORTERS OF A LESS CASH SOCIETY
This study addresses the limited integration of financial, technological, and socio-cultural perspectives in existing research on QRIS adoption among MSMEs in Indonesia. Using a qualitative literature review of peer-reviewed journals and national publications from 2022 to 2025, the study synthesizes findings on financial inclusion, operational efficiency, adoption drivers, and cultural-religious acceptance. Results show that QRIS enhances MSME competitiveness by improving record-keeping, expanding credit access, saving transaction time, and enabling integration with digital marketplaces. Adoption is shaped by both the Technology Acceptance Model (perceived usefulness, ease of use, institutional support) and socio-religious compatibility, particularly within Muslim and Hindu communities. The study concludes that QRIS is not only a payment innovation but also a strategic enabler of inclusive and culturally responsive digital transformation. Policy interventions and targeted literacy programs remain essential to maximize its impact.
THE IMPACT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IMPLEMENTATION ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
The role of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) is increasingly important in improving the financial performance of companies, especially state-owned companies that have great responsibility to the public. The phenomenon of low efficiency and accountability in a number of state-owned companies in Indonesia raises concerns about the quality of governance and its impact on financial performance. This study aims to determine the effect of GCG implementation on the financial performance of state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2022–2024 period. The population in this study were all state-owned companies listed on the IDX. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique with the following criteria: (1) state-owned companies that are consistently listed on the IDX during the observation period, (2) publish complete annual reports, and (3) have GCG measurement data and financial performance indicators that are publicly accessible. The number of samples obtained was 18 companies. The type of data used is secondary data collected from the official IDX website, company annual reports, and GCG assessment reports published by the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS program. Before the regression analysis was conducted, a classical assumption test was conducted first, including normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. The t-test results showed that the GCG variable had a positive and significant effect on financial performance, with a significance value of 0.001. The results of the determination coefficient test showed that GCG was able to explain variations in financial performance by 88.1%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the better the implementation of GCG, the higher the company's financial performance. Therefore, state-owned companies need to continue to strengthen the implementation of GCG principles in order to improve their competitiveness and financial accountability in the capital market.
THE IMPACT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON CORPORATE MARKET VALUE AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: A CROSS-SECTORAL LITERATURE REVIEW
This study explores the role of intellectual capital (IC) in enhancing corporate market value and achieving competitive advantage across various industry sectors. The growing emphasis on knowledge-based assets highlights the strategic importance of IC as a driver of innovation and long-term value. Although prior studies have demonstrated the positive relationship between IC and firm performance, there is a lack of cross-sectoral insight, especially within emerging market economies, and limited focus on IC’s impact beyond financial metrics. Unlike prior literature which often centers on single-industry or country-specific contexts, this paper conducts a cross-sectoral review, identifying comparative insights, methodological limitations, and conceptual gaps in the understanding of IC’s influence on competitive advantage. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method in the form of a systematic literature review. It draws from top academic databases such as google scholar and neliti website. Thematic analysis was applied to identify patterns, gaps, and implications IC positively affects firm value in knowledge-intensive sectors like banking, while its impact is limited or inconsistent in industries such as plantations and financial services. Human capital emerges as the most influential component. The literature also highlights a heavy reliance on the VAIC™ (Value Added Intellectual Coefficient) model and limited focus on strategic, non-financial outcomes. Intellectual capital plays a strategic role in value creation across sectors. However, to fully leverage its potential, future research must expand in scope, method, and conceptual framing to reflect the evolving dynamics of global and knowledge-based economies.
IS GLOBAL MINIMUM TAX (GMT) BENEFICIAL FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES? REFLECTIONS FROM AN INDONESIAN PERSPECTIVE
This study examines whether the GMT benefits developing countries or mainly reinforces the taxing rights of developed economies, with Indonesia as the focal point given its reliance on FDI. Using a qualitative descriptive method and comparative policy analysis, the research synthesizes OECD projections, national FDI data, and sectoral cases to assess Indonesia’s revenue prospects and competitiveness under GMT. Findings show that while Indonesia may gain short-term revenue through the QDMTT, most benefits accrue to developed countries via the IIR. The declining effectiveness of tax incentives such as holidays requires Indonesia to strengthen non-tax competitiveness, particularly infrastructure, regulatory certainty, and skilled human capital. Robust domestic enforcement and stronger tax administration are also essential to secure expected revenue. The study contributes by linking global GMT debates to Indonesia’s case and interpreting outcomes through tax competition, dependency theory, and fiscal federalism, showing how GMT reshapes fiscal sovereignty in developing economies. Limitations include reliance on secondary data and the absence of micro-level evidence on multinational enterprises behavioral responses. Future research should address firm-level and sectoral data post-GMT to capture real investment shifts and evaluate alternative policy tools beyond tax incentives. Overall, this paper provides actionable insights for Indonesian policymakers to adapt fiscal strategies to the global tax landscape while sustaining long-term investment competitiveness.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SEKAA TRUNA TRUNI
This study examines the transformation of the financial management system at Sekaa Truna Truni (STT) Satya Mandala Giri in Gitgit Village as a response to the increasing demands for accountability and transparency in traditional youth organizations. The underlying phenomenon is the lack of documented and transparent financial recording systems in many STTs, raising questions about how the process of adapting to a more modern financial system can occur in such a traditional structure. The novelty of this study lies in revealing the gradual process of change from manual recording to a combination of manual and digital systems, which has not been widely studied in the context of Balinese traditional organizations. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with interview techniques, observation, and documentation of STT administrators as well as analysis of available financial documents. The results of the study show that the transformation of the financial management system was carried out in stages, starting from simple recording to the use of Excel, as well as the integration of social media as a means of reporting to members. In conclusion, this transformation creates a financial system that is more transparent, accountable, and adaptive to technology, while still maintaining local values ​​such as ngayah and deliberation. The implication is that this model can be an example for other indigenous youth organizations in developing a modern financial management system without abandoning local wisdom.
RELEVANCE OF MENTAL HEALTH IN CHARACTER FORMATION AND STUDENT COMPETENCE
Mental health is not only related to the absence of mental disorders, but also includes emotional well- being, the ability to manage stress, establish positive social relationships, and be able to adapt to the pressures of life. Currently, students face various demands and challenges in their lives. Starting from demands in the family, demands at school, challenges in relationships, and challenges in living in society. Value demands from parents, challenges and dynamics of peer relationships, and community norms are factors that influence students' mental health. Therefore, mental health can also affect students' character and competence. This study aims to examine in depth the relevance between mental health and character formation and improving academic competence. Data were collected from various scientific references such as books, journals, and other documents that discuss related topics. The analysis techniques used are the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of the study show that students with good mental health tend to be able to manage emotions, think critically, and demonstrate behavior that is in line with moral values such as responsibility, empathy, and discipline. This supports optimal academic achievement and the formation of a complete character. On the other hand, students who experience mental disorders such as stress or anxiety show decreased motivation, learning difficulties, and deviant behavior. Therefore, synergy is needed between schools, teachers, parents, and the community in creating a learning environment that supports mental health. This study concludes that the success of education is not only assessed from the cognitive aspect, but also the mental and emotional readiness of students. Ideal education is education that balances the intellectual, emotional, and spiritual development of students.
PERCEPTION OF JUSTICE OVER APPLICATION GOVERNMENT REGULATION NUMBER 58 OF 2023 CONCERNING INCOME TAX ARTICLE 21
This research was conducted to examine the perspective of taxpayers on the implementation of Government Regulation Number 58 of 2023 on the emergence of overpaid conditions (LB) which should be the reownership of employees at PT. Kubu Indah Resort. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with a case study approach using the Source Triangulation analysis method. The results of this study state that the perspective of taxpayers (employees) on the implementation of Government Regulation Number 58 of 2023 does raise questions about the right to LB, but this condition is not necessarily considered unfair. On the other hand, as long as the compensation received remains proportional and meets the welfare aspect, the sense of justice is still felt in accordance with the principle of distributive justice which emphasizes the distribution of benefits fairly and properly between parties.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENT, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) ON COMPANY VALUE WITH FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AS MODERATION
Corporate value has become a primary focus in business and investment analysis. It reflects the overall health and desirability of a business entity. Various factors influence corporate value, one of which is the implementation of Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles, a key element that serves as an important reference for investors in making investment decisions. This study aims to analyze the impact of ESG on corporate value, with financial performance acting as a moderating variable. The research utilizes data from mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The sample represents a portion of the total population and its characteristics. In this study, the sample is selected using purposive sampling, meaning it is based on specific criteria. In recent years, the disclosure of information regarding ESG aspects has garnered significant attention from investors and stakeholders. Good ESG disclosure practices not only reflect corporate social responsibility but can also enhance reputation and investor trust. The population for this study consists of all 324 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period of 2019-2023.
LITERATURE REVIEW: THE EFFECT OF INFLATION ON THE PROFITABILITY OF MSMEs IN WEST JAVA, INDONESIA (2019-2024)
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the sectoral impact of inflation on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) profitability in West Java, Indonesia, during the 2019-2024 period. As MSMEs constitute the backbone of West Java's economy, contributing significantly to regional GDP and employment, understanding their vulnerability to macroeconomic fluctuations is crucial. This research addresses a critical gap in the existing literature by moving beyond generalized approaches to examine the nuanced, sector-specific effects of inflationary pressures. Employing a systematic narrative literature review methodology, this study synthesizes empirical evidence from diverse secondary sources, including statistical reports from BPS and Bank Indonesia, as well as scholarly publications. The analysis reveals pronounced sectoral heterogeneity: food-based MSMEs experience substantial profit margin compression due to input price volatility, while creative industry enterprises demonstrate remarkable resilience through export orientation and product diversification strategies. Service-oriented MSMEs face moderate challenges associated with diminished local purchasing power. These findings underscore the necessity for differentiated policy approaches that acknowledge sectoral characteristics. The study concludes that effective economic planning requires tailored interventions rather than one-sizefits-all solutions, recommending targeted support mechanisms such as input subsidies for agricultural MSMEs and export facilitation programs for creative industries to enhance sector- specific resilience against inflationary challenges.
THE EFFECT OF GREEN ACCOUNTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ON FIRM VALUE (CASE STUDY OF ENERGY COMPANIES IN THE COAL SUB-SECTOR LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE IN 2022-2024)
Global shifts towards sustainable business practices have put great pressure on industries with high environmental impacts, especially the coal sector. This study aims to analyze the effect of green accounting and environmental performance on the value of coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2022–2024. This study uses a quantitative approach with a purposive sampling method, namely a sampling technique based on certain criteria set by the researcher so that the samples taken are relevant to the research objectives, secondary data are collected from financial reports, sustainability reports, and PROPER ratings. The results of the regression analysis show that green accounting has a positive and significant effect on company value (B = 1.546; p = 0.031), indicating that environmental transparency is valued by the market. In contrast, environmental performance does not show a significant effect (B = -0.108; p = 0.481), indicating a paradox between disclosure and actual results. These findings contribute to legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory, and offer strategic guidance for companies, investors, and policy makers in facing the energy transition in Indonesia.
ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABLE FOOD YARD (P2L) FUND MANAGEMENT FOR THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE JAYA SARI FARMER WOMEN GROUP, CEMPAGA VILLAGE
This study analyzes fund management and its impact on the sustainability of the Sustainable Food Yard (P2L) in the Jaya Sari Farmer Women Group, Cempaga Village. The P2L program is a community-based initiative to strengthen food security and household income through optimal use of yards. Using a qualitative approach with observation, interviews, and documentation, data were analyzed by reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The group received Rp 50,000,000 in P2L funding, which was allocated almost entirely to production facilities and infrastructure, such as demonstration plot expansion, tractors, irrigation, and a 20 m² seedling house. However, there was no significant allocation for training, technical assistance, or product processing. Financial management is recorded manually in a simple cash in–cash out format, with accountability centralized in the core management and minimal member involvement. These findings indicate a gap between the intended objectives of fund utilization and the actual practices, leading to low transparency and limited sustainability. The study highlights the need for revising fund allocation policies, enhancing member capacity, and strengthening governance to improve accountability, participation, and organizational credibility.
DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGY BASED ON TOURISM EXPERIENCE IN INTERNATIONAL PERSONAL SHOPPING SERVICES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN INDONESIA AND HONG KONG
The growth of the digital economy and the increasing global mobility of Indonesian society have given rise to the emergence of cross-border personal shopping services (commonly known as jastip). This business model leverages international travel—whether for leisure or professional purposes—as an opportunity to purchase goods abroad based on customer requests back home. The phenomenon reflects not only a growing demand for foreign products but also a high level of social trust in third-party intermediaries. This study aims to analyze the digital marketing strategies employed by jastip practitioners by integrating elements of international tourism experiences, digital technology adaptation, and customer relationship management. Furthermore, it compares the approaches used by jastip actors in Indonesia and Hong Kong to uncover differences in marketing tactics and their impact on customer loyalty. Using a comparative qualitative methodology based on case studies and literature review, the findings reveal that effective marketing strategies rely on a combination of visual storytelling, adaptation to local trends, transparency in product and pricing information, and intensive interaction via social media platforms. These insights offer valuable implications for digital MSMEs seeking to enhance their competitiveness and expand their customer networks in the global market. Keywords: personal shopping service, digital marketing strategy, tourism, customer loyalty, international business
IMPLEMENTATION OF ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY IN SUDIMARA VILLAGE, TABANAN DISTRICT
This study examines the implementation of the Village Financial System (Siskeudes) as a digital accounting tool in managing village finances in Sudimara Village, Tabanan District. Although the Indonesian government has promoted the use of Siskeudes to improve transparency and accountability, many technical and administrative challenges persist at the village level. The main objective of this research is to explore how village officials perceive and utilize the Siskeudes application, identify key barriers to its implementation, and propose viable solutions. A qualitative descriptive method was employed through interviews, observation, and documentation. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework, the study found that user acceptance is influenced by perceived usefulness and ease of use. The main challenges included data entry errors in budgeting modules, limited internet access, and lack of follow-up training after system updates. These findings suggest that beyond technology provision, human capacity building and infrastructural support are essential to optimize Siskeudes utilization. The study contributes to the literature on public sector information systems in rural governance and offers practical insights for policymakers.
DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZING EVENTS AND MEETINGS INCENTIVES CONFERENCES EXHIBITIONS BASED ON PROJECT BASED LEARNING TO IMPROVE CAREER MATURITY OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BULELENG REGENCY
This study explores the development of a learning model for organizing Events and Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions (MICE) based on Project-Based Learning (PjBL) to enhance the career maturity of vocational high school students in Buleleng Regency. The tourism and creative industries demand graduates who are not only technically competent but also possess strong soft skills, leadership abilities, and career readiness. However, many vocational students face challenges in linking theoretical knowledge with real-world applications, particularly in dynamic fields such as MICE. This approach encourages active learning, collaboration, critical thinking, and self-directed exploration. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) method, involving needs analysis, model design, implementation, and evaluation stages across several vocational schools in Buleleng. Data collection methods include observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. More importantly, it fosters a greater sense of responsibility, self-efficacy, and future career orientation. Teachers reported increased student engagement and initiative, while students expressed higher confidence in their career planning and readiness for the MICE industry. This study concludes that a PjBL-based MICE curriculum is a strategic innovation for vocational education, aligning with the demands of the 21st-century workforce. It is recommended that similar models be adopted in other regions to bridge the gap between education and industry, thereby supporting the development of skilled, mature, and career-ready graduates.
WHY IS SUSTAINABILITY ACCOUNTING IMPLEMENTATION CRITICAL FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS? THE THEORETICAL ARGUMENTS
The present study aims to provide theoretical arguments to demonstrate why the implementation of sustainability accounting is crucial in the context of higher education institutions. The absence of substantial implementation of sustainability accounting in higher education institutions in Indonesia is a matter that requires resolution. This study provides a novel perspective in the form of theoretical arguments that demonstrate the significant importance of the implementation of sustainability accounting for higher education institutions, particularly in Indonesia. The present study employs a theoretical argumentation approach, drawing upon the insights of writers and the findings of preceding research. Theoretical arguments have been developed to provide a new perspective on the implementation of sustainability accounting in higher education institutions in Indonesia. This study concludes that the implementation of sustainability accounting has crucial benefits for the development of higher education institutions in Indonesia. The implications of this study can be continued by supporting the implementation of sustainability accounting by developing implementation policies and guidelines.
THE EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCE QUALITY, ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, AND DIGITAL MARKETING STRATEGY ON MSMES PERFORMANCE
This study aims to analyze the influence of human resource quality (HR), entrepreneurial orientation, and digital marketing strategies on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) performance in the Kaliwates District, Jember Regency. The background of this study is based on the need for MSMEs to adapt to the dynamics of the digital economy, which demands strengthened HR competencies, entrepreneurial innovation, and the optimization of technology-based marketing. This study uses a quantitative associative approach with an explanatory research design. A sample of 72 micro-business owners was selected using the purposive sampling technique, based on the criteria of having been in operation for at least two years and being engaged in the trade and service sectors. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25. The research results show that, partially, human resource quality has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance, with a significance value of 0.015. Entrepreneurial orientation also has a positive and considerable influence, with a significance level of 0.012. Digital marketing strategies also positively contribute to the performance of MSMEs with a significance value of 0.009. Simultaneously, the three independent variables contribute 46.8% to MSME performance, while other factors outside the research model influence 53.2%. These findings strengthen the importance of synergy between human resource quality, entrepreneurial orientation, and the implementation of digital marketing in improving MSME competitiveness in the economic era based on technology. This research recommends continuous HR training, strengthening innovative orientation in entrepreneurship, and optimization of various channels of digital marketing as an important strategy to increase the performance of MSMEs. In addition, future research is expected to explore other external factors such as product innovation and access to capital in enriching the MSMEs development model.
THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IN PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN UMKM IN SINGARAJA CITY
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) have a strategic role in driving economic growth in Indonesia, including in Singaraja City. However, UMKM financial management still faces various challenges, especially related to low accounting literacy and minimal use of accurate and relevant accounting information. This study aims to examine the role of accounting information in supporting financial planning and decision-making in UMKM in Singaraja City, and to identify factors that influence its implementation. Using a qualitative approach through surveys and interviews with UMKM actors, it was found that accounting information plays an important role in improving operational efficiency, financial planning, and data-based business decision-making. This study also compares the implementation of three digital accounting systems, namely BukuWarung, ESB POS, and SAAS, which show similarities in supporting automatic financial recording, ease of use, and reduction of human error, as well as differences in features, focus of use, and system complexity. The results of this study provide theoretical contributions to the development of MSME accounting literature as well as practical contributions in the form of recommendations for strengthening accounting literacy and developing training based on local needs.
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE, INSTITUTIONAL OWNERSHIP, AND COMPANY SIZE ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN PHARMACEUTICAL SUB-SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE IN 2020-2024
This study aims to determine the influence of capital structure, institutional ownership, and company size on financial performance. The type of research used is quantitative research using secondary data based on financial statements downloaded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange website and the company's website. The population in the study is 11 pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2024. Purposive sampling is the sampling method used in this study. The number of samples of 7 companies was collected using predetermined criteria. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics, classical assumption analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis test. The phenomenon that occurred in pharmaceutical sub-sector companies was a decline in financial performance from 2021 to 2023 caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study show that capital structure has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, institutional ownership does not have a significant effect on financial performance, and company size does not have a significant effect on financial performance.
DIGITALIZING BASED ON TRI HITA KARANA: HOW TECHNOLOGY STRENGTHENS SUSTAINABLE ACCOUNTING FOR MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE IN DENPASAR
This study examines the integration between digital technology and the local wisdom of Tri Hita Karana (THK) in strengthening sustainable accounting practices among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Denpasar. The background of this research is based on the imbalance between the global trend of digitalization and the lack of business models that consider local cultural values. MSMEs in Bali face challenges in implementing sustainability principles, as the approaches used often emphasize technical aspects, while local values such as THK have not been internalized into accounting systems. The main problem in this study is the absence of a sustainable accounting model that holistically integrates digital technology and THK values. This research seeks to answer the question: how can the integration of these two elements enhance the sustainability of MSMEs in Denpasar? The novelty of this study lies in the formulation of a conceptual model that unites three essential aspects, technology, accounting, and local culture, which have previously been studied only in part. The research adopts a quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to MSME owners or managers who met specific criteria. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4.0. The findings reveal that both digital technology and THK values have a positive and significant influence on sustainable accounting practices, with a 40% increase in financial reporting accuracy and a 25% reduction in waste. In conclusion, the success of MSME digitalization relies not only on technological infrastructure but also on the acceptance and practice of local cultural values that reinforce accountability and sustainability. These findings highlight the need for digital literacy training based on local cultural values as a relevant strategy in building resilient and sustainable MSMEs in the era of digital transformation.
Front Matter of The 10th International Conference on Tourism, Economics, Accounting, Management, and Social Science Proceeding